Alloys are use to make ballpoint pens, give two reasons why
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Alloys are used because of their strength, resistance to corrosion, appealing appearance and ability to be easily formed.
What is corrosion resistance?
Corrosion resistance: Alloys are resistant to corrosion and rust, which makes them an ideal material for the outer casing of ballpoint pens.
The pen's exterior can be exposed to air and moisture, but the alloy will not corrode or rust, ensuring that the pen remains in good condition for a longer period.
Durability: Alloys are typically stronger and more durable than pure metals, which makes them ideal for use in ballpoint pens.
Ballpoint pens undergo a lot of wear and tear during regular use, such as being dropped, knocked around, or exposed to high temperatures. Using an alloy ensures that the pen will not bend, break, or become deformed easily, which prolongs the life of the pen.
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Related Questions
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when 200 grams of water cools from 50 c to 25 c the total amount of heat energy released by the water is?
A sheet of aluminum measures 52.5 cm by 23.2 cm . if the volume is 2.95 cm3 what is the thickness of the foil?
B. The collision rate of the reactant particles increased.
C. The concentrations of the reactant particles increased.
D. The concentrations of the product particles decreased.
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A group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds so that they move as a group
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Answer:
high electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen
Explanation:
Final answer:
Water molecules become polar due to the difference in electronegativity between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms. This leads to the development of partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom. These polar bonds allow for the formation of hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
Explanation:
Water is a polar molecule, with the hydrogen atoms acquiring a partial positive charge and the oxygen a partial negative charge. This occurs because the nucleus of the oxygen atom is more attractive to the electrons of the hydrogen atoms than the hydrogen nucleus is to the oxygen's electrons. Thus oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen and the shared electrons spend more time in the vicinity of the oxygen nucleus than they do near the nucleus of the hydrogen atoms, giving the atoms of oxygen and hydrogen slightly negative and positive charges, respectively. Another way of stating this is that the probability of finding a shared electron near an oxygen nucleus is more likely than finding it near a hydrogen nucleus. Either way, the atom's relative electronegativity contributes to the development of partial charges whenever one element is significantly more electronegative than the other, and the charges generated by these polar bonds may then be used for the formation of hydrogen bonds based on the attraction of opposite partial charges. (Hydrogen bonds, which are discussed in detail below, are weak bonds between slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms to slightly negatively charged atoms in other molecules.) Since macromolecules often have atoms within them that differ in electronegativity, polar bonds are often present in organic molecules.
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(2) ethanoic acid (4) ethanol
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Answer : (2) Ethanoic acid has the lowest vapor pressure at .
Explanation :
Vapor pressure is the pressure which is exerted by vapor when the vapor form is in equilibrium with the solid or liquid form.
Boiling point is the temperature in which the vapor pressure of liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
Vapor pressure is related with the boiling point :
vapor pressure is inversely proportional to the boiling point. As the boiling point increases, vapor pressure decreases and as the boiling point decreases, vapor pressure increases.
The standard boiling point of given liquids water, propanone, ethanoic acid and ethanol are 100, 56, 118 and respectively.
The image of graph of vapor pressure vs temperature is attached below.
Hence, Ethanoic acid is the substance which has the lowest vapor pressure.
water: has hydrogen bonding, dispersion, and dipole forces for intermolecular attraction
ethanoic acid: a carboxylic acid has one polar end with a negative charge as CH3COOH turns to CH3COO-. Hydrogen bonding is also present in pure solutions.
Propanone: is a ketone and has an electronegative oxygen attached to a carbon, but does not exhibit hydrogen bonding since the O is not attached to a hydrogen.
Ethanol: Like water exhibits hydrogen bonding, not as strong but more dispersion forces.
Next we must understand boiling points
Water: 100˚C
Ethanoic Acid: 118˚C
Propanone: 56˚C
Ethanol: 78˚C
Given this knowledge we can order the liquids in terms of decreasing volatility or decreasing vapor pressure. We now notice that Ethanoic acid, or acetic acid will have the lowest vapor pressure at 75˚C
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Volatile organic compounds are compounds that easily evaporate at standard room temperature and pressure. They are considered harmful to the environment if regulations are not followed. Examples of this are:
Benzene
Ethanol
Benzopyrene
Ethenone
Acetic acid
Methane
Butane
Heptane
Pentane