In Dna, guanine always forms hydrogen bonds with?

When the formation of a substance is negative, it means that it releases heat to the surroundings. When it releases heat to the surroundings, the reaction is exothermic. When it absorbs heat from the surroundings, the reaction is endothermic.

The particle that has the least mass is a beta particle.

If we look at the particles listed individually, we can see that the proton and the neutron are both massive particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They are responsible for the mass of the atom. An alpha particle is just of the same mass as a helium nucleus.

A beta particle is actually an electron. Recall that an electron has negligible mass.The mass of an electron is about 1/840 times that of the proton.

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Final answer:

The least massive particle among alpha particles, neutrons, beta particles, and protons is the beta particle (also known as an electron). Its mass is so small that it would take about 1800 electrons to equal the mass of a single proton or neutron.

Explanation:

The masses of the different particles are as follows - protons and neutrons are heavier particles with a mass of 1.0073 and 1.0087 amu respectively, while an alpha particle, which is a high-energy helium nucleus, has a mass number of 4 (which makes it heavier than a proton and neutron). Compared to these particles, the beta particle is a high-energy electron and has a much lighter mass.

Specifically, the beta particle, or electron, is the least massive among the list, with a light particle mass of about 0.00055 amu. This means that it would take about 1800 electrons to equal the mass of a single proton or neutron. So, to answer your question, when comparing an alpha particle, neutron, beta particle (electron), and a proton, the beta particle (electron) is the particle with the least mass among them.

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1) Answer is: D. both B and C.

Activated complex  is collection of intermediate structures in a chemical reaction that forms while bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming.

The transition state is the configuration at the peak of the diagram while the activated complex can refer to any point near the maximum.

Activation energy is the minimum energy colliding particles must have in order to react.

2) Answer is: B. chemical equilibrium.

Balanced chemical reaction: A + B ⇄ C + D.

1) In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants ( and BA) and products (C and D) are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time.  

2) At equilibrium, both the forward and reverse reactions are still occurring.

3) Reaction rates of the forward and backward reactions are equal and there are no changes in the concentrations of the reactants and products.

3) Answer is: C. inhibitor.

Inhibitor is a substance that decreases the rate of a chemical reaction.

Inhibitor can reduce the effectiveness of a catalyst in a catalysed reaction.

Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of an additional substance called a catalyst.  

Reactions occur faster with a catalyst because they require less activation energy.  

4) Answer is: A. Fe.

Balanced reaction: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂.

Oxidation reaction: Fe⁰ → Fe⁺² + 2e⁻.

Reduction reaction: 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂⁰.

Reducing agent is an element or compound that loses an electron to another chemical species in a redox chemical reaction and they have been oxidized.

Iron (Fe) change oxidation number from 0 to +2 (lose electrons), iron is oxidized (reducing agent).

Answer :

1) The correct option is, (D) both B and C.

2) The correct option is, (D) both A and B

3) The correct option is, (C) inhibitor.

4) The correct option is, (A) Fe

Explanation :

For part 1 :

Activated complex or transition state : It is the state where the bonds are loosened and new lose bonds are formed between them. It is unstable state and immediately dissociates to form the stable products. The arrangement of atoms takes place at the peak of the activation energy barrier.

For part 2 :

The balanced chemical reaction is,

Chemical equilibrium : It is defined as a state where the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction. That means there is no net change in the concentration of the reactants and the products.

Reversibility : It is defined as, in a reversible reaction when reactant A and B react to form products C and D and in the reverse reaction, C and D react to form A and B. That means process is reversible.

For part 3 :

Inhibitor : It is the substance that decreases the rate of the chemical reaction. It can reduce the effectiveness of the catalyst in a catalyzed reaction.

Or we can say that it is a substance that interferes with the action of a catalyst.

For part 4 :

The balanced redox reaction is :

The half oxidation-reduction reactions are:

Oxidation reaction :

Reduction reaction :

From this we conclude that the 'Fe' is the reducing agent that loses an electron to another chemical species in a redox chemical reaction and itself oxidized.

Hence, the reducing agent is, Fe

Answer: No, the given elements will not react.

Explanation:

Ionic bond is defined as the bond which is formed from the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom. The atom which looses electrons is known as electropositive atom and it attains positive charge. The atom which gains electrons is known as electronegative atom and it attains negative charge. For Example: KBr

Covalent bond is defined as the bond which is formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms forming a bond. No ions are present in the compound. For Example: HCl

We are given, two elements with their oxidation states:

As, both the ions are positive ion and thus, will not react to form any compound because like charges repel each other.

Hence, no, the given elements will not react.