Which of the following factors renders a species more susceptible to disease and infertility?

Answer:

B

Explanation:

We are given that ammonia can be produced from hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas according to the equation:

We want to determine the mass of hydrogen gas that must have reacted if 0.575 g of NH₃ was produced.

To do so, we can convert from grams of NH₃ to moles of NH₃, moles of NH₃ to moles of H₂, and moles of H₂ to grams of H₂.

We are given that the molar masses of NH₃ and H₂ are 17.03 g/mol and 2.0158 g/mol, respectively.

From the equation, we can see that two moles of NH₃ is produced from every three moles of H₂.

With the initial value, perform dimensional analysis:

*Assuming 100% efficiency.

Our final answer should have three significant figures. (The first term has three, the second term has four (the one is exact), the third term is exact, and the fourth term has five. Hence, the product should have only three.)

In conclusion, our answer is B.

Final answer:

The molarity of the sulfuric acid solution is found using the formula: M1V1/2 = M2V2 to account for the 2:1 ratio of NaOH to H2SO4 in the reaction. Substituting the given values yields the molarity of sulfuric acid solution as 0.0732M.

Explanation:

This problem involves a concept known as titration, specifically acid-base titration. In this process, one solution (in this case, the base NaOH) is added to another solution (the acid H2SO4) until the mixture is neutralized. The balanced chemical equation NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O tells us that the reaction occurs in a 2:1 ratio of NaOH to H2SO4.

To find the molarity of the sulfuric acid, we use the formula: M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 is the molarity of the NaOH, V1 is the volume of the NaOH, M2 is the molarity of the H2SO4 (which we want to find), and V2 is the volume of the H2SO4. However, we need to adjust the equation to M1V1/2 = M2V2 because the reaction occurs in a 2:1 ratio of NaOH to H2SO4.

So substituting the given values into the equation, we have (0.05 M * 18.3 mL) / 2 = M2 * 25.0 mL. Solving for M2, the molarity of the sulfuric acid solution, yields M2 = 0.0732M.

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Answer:

a. The reaction is exothermic.

b. -87,9 kJ

c. 9,60g of Mg(s)

d. 602kJ are absorbed

Explanation:

Based on the reaction:

2Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2MgO(s) ΔH = -1204kJ

a. The reaction is exothermic. Because ΔH<0. That means the reaction produces heat when occurs

b. 3,55g of Mg(s) are:

3,55g Mg × ( 1mol / 24,305g) = 0,146 moles of Mg(s)

As 2 moles of Mg(s) produce -1204 kJ of heat:

0,146 moles of Mg(s) × ( -1204kJ / 2mol Mg) =  -87,9 kJ

c. If -238 kJ of heat were transferred. The moles of Mg(s) that react must be:

-238kJ × ( 2mol Mg / -1204kJ) = 0,395 moles of Mg(s). In grams:

0,395 moles × ( 24,305g / 1mol Mg) = 9,60g of Mg(s)

d. The reverse reaction is:

2MgO(s) → 2Mg(s) + O₂(g)  ΔH = +1204kJ

40,5g of MgO(s) are:

40,5g MgO × ( 1mol MgO / 40,3044g) = 1,00 moles of MgO(s)

As 2 moles of MgO absorbe 1204kJ of energy:

1,00 moles of MgO(s) × ( +1204 kJ / 2mol MgO) = 602kJ are absorbed

I hope it helps!

Final answer:

This response explains whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic, calculates the amount of heat transferred in different scenarios, and determines the mass of MgO produced during a given enthalpy change. It also calculates the amount of heat absorbed during the decomposition of MgO.

Explanation:

a) This reaction is exothermic because the enthalpy change, represented by delta H, is a negative value (-1204 kJ).

b) To calculate the amount of heat transferred when 3.55 g of Mg(s) reacts, we can use the equation q = m * delta H. Plugging in the given values, we get q = (3.55 g) * (-87.9 kJ/1 mol) / (24.31 g/mol) = -15.98 kJ.

c) To determine the mass of MgO produced during an enthalpy change of -238 kJ, we can use the equation q = m * delta H and solve for m. Plugging in the given values, we get m = (-238 kJ) / (-1204 kJ/mol) * (40.31 g/mol) = 7.90 g.

d) To find the amount of heat absorbed when 40.5 g of MgO(s) is decomposed, we can again use the equation q = m * delta H. Plugging in the given values, we get q = (40.5 g) * (-1204 kJ/mol) / (40.31 g/mol) = -1209 kJ.

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Final answer:

The reaction PCl5 + 4H2O -> H3PO4 + 5HCl involves 5 moles of HCl and 4 moles of water. Thus, for every mole of HCl produced, 0.8 moles of water is consumed. Hence, in this scenario, 2.76 moles of water would have been consumed to produce 3.45 moles of HCl.

Explanation:

In the balanced equation, PCl5 + 4H2O -> H3PO4 + 5HCl, you notice that 4 moles of water react with PCl5 to produce 5 moles of HCl. This means for every mole of HCl produced, 0.8 moles of water would have been consumed (4 moles / 5 moles).

So, if the reaction results in 3.45 moles of HCl, we can calculate the number of moles of water that reacted by multiplying the moles of HCl by 0.8. This gives us 2.76 moles of water.

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Final answer:

By creating a proportion based on the balanced chemical equation, it is determined that 2.76 moles of water reacted with PCl5 to produce 3.45 moles of HCl.

Explanation:

To determine how many moles of water reacted if 3.45 moles of HCl are produced, we refer to the balanced chemical equation:

According to the equation, for every 5 moles of HCl produced, 4 moles of water are needed. Therefore, you can set up a proportion to calculate the moles of water:

• (Moles of HCl produced / Moles of HCl in the equation) = (Moles of H2O reacted / Moles of H2O in the equation)
• (3.45 moles HCl / 5 moles HCl) = (x moles H2O / 4 moles H2O)

Solving for x gives you the number of moles of water that reacted:

Thus, x = 2.76 moles of H2O.

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