What are van der waals forces

Answer:

Explanation:

Van der Waals forces are weak attractions that hold electrically neutral molecules together. At some point these molecules have an induced dipole, that is, the molecule acquires a partially positive and a partially negative charge momentarily, causing them to attract each other. They are Van de Waals forces: Dipolo - Dipolo forces, London forces, Ion forces - Dipolo

• Dipole-dipole forces: they are attractive forces between polar molecules (polar molecules occur when two atoms have different electronegativity, then the one with the greatest electronegativity will attract electrons towards each other, giving rise to two opposite charges on the bond. That is, this generates that in a polar molecule there is separation between positive and negative charges)

• London Dispersion Forces: occurs between non-polar molecules (union between atoms of the same element or between atoms with very little electronegativity difference) due to the movement of electrons. At some point there are more electrons to one side, which, being close to another atom or molecule, the electrons of the second are repelled, originating two instantaneous dipoles, which give rise to a force of attraction.
• Ion-dipole forces: they are attractive forces between an ion (an atom that has lost or gained an electron, then it has a charge) and a polar molecule.

They are weak, short-range electrostatic attractive forces between uncharged molecules, arising from the interaction of permanent or transient electric dipole moments.