Modern cell theory is based on?

Cellular respiration is the process that takes place in cells to produce energy (in the form of ATP) by breaking down organic molecules, such as glucose, using oxygen. It involves several stages, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain and chemiosmosis)

Cellular respiration is a crucial metabolic process that occurs within the cells of living organisms, and it plays a central role in generating the energy needed for various cellular activities. It involves the breakdown of organic molecules, such as glucose, to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary energy currency of cells. Here's an explanation of the key components and stages of cellular respiration:

• Glycolysis: The process begins in the cytoplasm of the cell with glycolysis. During glycolysis, a molecule of glucose (a six-carbon sugar) is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate (a three-carbon compound). This process does not require oxygen and yields a small amount of ATP and some molecules of reduced electron carriers, such as NADH.
• Transition Reaction (Pyruvate Decarboxylation): In aerobic conditions (when oxygen is available), the pyruvate molecules produced during glycolysis are transported into the mitochondria. In the mitochondrial matrix, each pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA, releasing carbon dioxide and generating more NADH in the process.
• Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondrial matrix. During this cycle, acetyl-CoA is oxidized, and the carbon atoms are released as carbon dioxide. The cycle generates more NADH and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2), along with a small amount of ATP.
• Oxidative Phosphorylation: The electron transport chain, a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane, accepts electrons from NADH and FADH2, generated in the previous stages. As electrons move through the chain, they release energy, which is used to pump protons (H+ ions) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient. The flow of protons back into the mitochondrial matrix through ATP synthase generates a large amount of ATP, a process known as chemiosmosis.
• Final Electron Acceptor: Oxygen (O2) serves as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. Electrons combine with oxygen and protons to form water (H2O).

In summary, cellular respiration is a multi-step process that extracts energy from glucose and other organic molecules by gradually breaking them down and transferring the energy to molecules of ATP. The process occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (in the absence of oxygen), with variations in the efficiency of ATP production. Cellular respiration is essential for the survival and functioning of all aerobic organisms and provides the energy needed for activities ranging from cellular maintenance to growth, movement, and reproduction.

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The probable question maybe:

"What cellular process takes place in cellular respiration?"

Answer:

D. Transverse waves

Explanation:

Ocean waves are also transverse, and these are used for many recreational activities such as surfing and swimming. They can also be used to generate renewable electricity from the wave motion.

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The steeper the slope of the track the quicker the toy car will accelerate.