7 characteristics that can be used to describe minerals

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: Hardness, cleavage, fracture, color, streak, luster, and tenacity.
Hope this helps :)

Answer 2

Answer:

Final answer:

Minerals can be described using 7 key characteristics: color, streak, luster, crystal form, hardness, cleavage, and density. These characteristics provide detailed information about a mineral's geological properties.

Explanation:

The characteristics used to describe minerals are generally located in the detail of their geological properties. These characteristics include:

Color: The appearance of the mineral in natural light.
Streak: The color of the mineral in powdered form.
Luster: The way a mineral reflects light, either metallic or non-metallic.
Crystal Form: The external shape of the mineral crystal.
Hardness: A measure of the mineral's resistance to being scratched.
Cleavage: The manner in which the mineral breaks along regular planes.
Density: The mass per unit volume of the mineral, measured by specific gravity.

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Related Questions

What is the molar mass of a substance
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In which reaction are electrons transferred from one reactant to another reactant?(1) 2Ca(s) + O2(g) =>2CaO(s)(2) AgNO3(aq) + KCl(aq) =>AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)(3) HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) =>NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)(4) H3O+(aq) + OH-(aq) => 2H=O(l)
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Which statement explains why low temperature and high pressure are required to liquefy chlorine gas?(1) Chlorine molecules have weak covalent bonds.
(2) Chlorine molecules have strong covalent bonds.
(3) Chlorine molecules have weak intermolecular forces of attraction.
(4) Chlorine molecules have strong intermolecular forces of attraction.

Answers

The correct answer is option 2. Chlorine gas molecules are held together by strong covalent bonds. This type of bond requires an ample amount of energy in order to break it and turn gas into liquid. That is why, high pressure and low temperature is needed.

In a 1.0x10^-4 M solution of HClO(aq), identify the relative molar amounts of these species:HClO, OH-, H3O+, OCl-, H2O

Answers

HClO is a weak acid, which means the ions do not fully dissociate. The hydrolysis reaction for the hypochlorous acid is:

HClO + H2O ⇄ H3O+ +OCl-

Then the equilibrium constant, Ka, of dilute HClO would be:

$K_(a) = ([ H_(3) O^(+) ][O Cl^(-) ])/(HClO)$

Then we do the ICE table. I is for the initial concentration, C for the change and E for the excess.

HClO + H2O ⇄ H3O+ + OCl-
I 1.0x10^-4 0 0
C -x +x +x
E (1.0x10^-4 - x) x x

Substituting the excess (E) concentration to the Ka equation:

$K_(a) = ([x ][x])/(1.0 \ x \ 10^(-4) - x )$

Simplifying the equation would yield a quadratic equation:

$x^(2) + K_(a)x-(1.0 \ x \ 10^(-4)) K_(a)=0$

The Ka for HClO is an experimental data which was determined to be 2.9 x 10^-8. Substitute this to the equation, determine the roots, then you get the value for x, which is the concentration of H3O+ and ClO-. Just use your calculator feature Shift-Solve.

x = 1.688 x 10^-6 M = [H3O+] = [ClO-]

Then, you can determine the conc of [OH-] through pH.

pH = -log {H3O+] = -log [1.688 x 10^-6] = 5.77
pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 5.77 = 8.23
pOH = 8.23 = -log [OH-]
[OH-] = 5.89 x 10^-9 M

Also, since HClO is (1.0x10^-4 - x), then it's concentration would be:
[HClO] = 1.0x10^-4 - 1.688 x 10^-6 = 9.83 x10^-5 M

Let's summarize all concentrations:
[HClO] = 9.83 x10^-5 M
[OH-] = 5.89 x 10^-9 M
[H3O+] = [ClO-] = 1.688 x 10^-6 M
Since the solution is dilute, H2O is relatively higher in concentration.

Thus in relative amounts, the order would be

H2O >>> HClO > H3O+ = ClO- > OH-

The Formula is:

Molar Mass of an Element = x Relative mass of atoms Molar mass constant (1g / mol)

Further Explanation

Understand molar mass

Molar mass = mass (in grams) of 1-mol substances

Molar mass is the mass (in grams) of one mole of a substance. By using the atomic mass of an element and multiplying it by the conversion factor of grams per mole (g / mol), you can calculate the molar mass of the element.

Look for the relative atomic mass of elements

Relative atomic mass:

Hydrogen = 1,007

Carbon = 12.0107

Oxygen = 15,9994

Chlorine = 35,453

The relative atomic mass of an element is the average mass of a sample of all its isotopes in atomic units. This information can be found in the periodic table of elements.

Multiply the atomic mass relative to the molar mass constant

Molar Mass of an Element = x Relative mass of atoms Molar mass constant (1g / mol)

Hydrogen = 1,007 x 1g / mol = 1,007 g / mol

Carbon = 12.0107 g / mol

Oxygen = 15,999 g / mol

Chlorine = 35,453 g / mol

H2: 1,007 x 2 = 2,014 g / mol

O2: 15,999 x 2 = 31,9988 g / mol

C2: 35,453 x 2 = 70,096 g / mol

example:

Hydrochloric acid

HCl -> 1 hydrogen atom, 1 chlorine atom

Glucose

C6H12O6 -> 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, 6 oxygen atoms

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Details

Class: Middle/High School

Subject: Chemistry

Keywords: Mass, Molar, atoms

Given the incomplete equation for the combustion of ethane:2C2H6 + 7O2==>4CO2 + 6 ____
What is the formula of the missing product?
(1) CH3OH (3) H2O
(2) HCOOH (4) H2O2

Answers

Answer : The correct option is, (4) $(H_2O)$

Explanation :

Combustion reaction : It is a reaction in which a hydrocarbon react with the oxygen gas to produces carbon dioxide as water as a products.

The given incomplete equation are :

$2C_2H_6+7O_2\rightarrow 4CO_2+6_$

In this equation, we see that a hydrocarbon and oxygen gas are present on reactant side and carbon dioxide are present on product side but water molecules are missing on the product side. So, we are adding water $(H_2O)$ on missing side.

The given complete equation will be :

$2C_2H_6+7O_2\rightarrow 4CO_2+6H_2O$

Therefore, the formula missing on product is, $(H_2O)$

The combustion of ethane will consume oxygen and create carbon dioxide and water. That is a general rule for most alkane, olefin and alkyne. So the missing product is H2O.

Water is a very important factor for us individually, but its importance stretches further than that. For instance, because water absorbs _______ very well, the oceans help stabilize temperatures around the world.

Answers

The answer is heat, water has a high specific heat and is able to carry a lot of energy.

Water has specific heat. This helps us with homeostasis.

The abbreviation that represents a volume unit isa. cm3.
b. mg.
c. mm.
d. cm.

Answers

The answer is A - cm3

Which of the following materials is not considered to be a semiconductor? germanium tin silicon aluminum

Answers

Tin and Aluminum are not considered as semiconductors but rather conductors themselves because they are metals. Semiconductors are in general elements from column IV or or compounds of columns III and V of the periodic table.

Germanium and silicon are semiconductors because they are metalloids.

Aluminium is not considered to be a semiconductor.

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