Lactase refers to an enzyme that can dissociate lactose sugar into glucose and galactose. This enzyme plays an important role in the digestion of milk that comprises high lactose sugar. In case, if a mutation occurs in the gene codon of lactase, then two possibilities can take place. These are as follows:
1. Loss of mutation: In this case, the person becomes lactose intolerant because of mutation in lactase gene codon. Due to this, there is low mRNA expression and thus low production of the enzyme lactase. This is also known as lactase non-persistent phenotype.
2. Gain in mutation: In this case, the person gain an increase in mRNA expression of the lactase gene, thus more production of lactase takes place than usual. This kind of individual exhibits lactase persistent phenotype.
A mutation in the lactase gene could lead to changes in the structure and function of the lactase enzyme, affecting the organism's ability to process lactose. Depending on the type and location of the mutation, the effects can range from mild to severe, possibly causing diseases related to lactase deficiency.
A mutation in the coding region of the lactase gene could have several potential effects, depending on the nature of the mutation. Mutations could include insertions, deletions or other changes in the DNA sequence that could alter the structure and function of the resulting protein. Such changes could increase the possibility of the protein having extra bends and loops, potentially altering its effectiveness in metabolizing lactose.
For example, in the case of E. coli, mutations in the lactase gene could disrupt the operon's regulation of lactose metabolism.
With a functioning lactase gene, when lactose is present, it triggers the transcription of genes that allow the bacterium to metabolize lactose. However, if the lactase gene were mutated, it could prevent this from happening, leaving the cell unable to process lactose as a food source.
Therefore, considering the potential range of effects, a mutation in the lactase gene could cause significant changes in an organism's ability to process lactose, and it could also cause diseases linked to either the lack of lactase or to structurally abnormal lactase proteins.
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They keep the prey population low so they will be less likely to deplete resources such as food, water, and shelter.
B.
Predators maintain an unchanged prey population to increase the use of food, water, and shelter.
C.
They eliminate the prey population in order to maintain competition over resources such as food and water.
D.
Prey are able to increase their populations and use of food, shelter, and water when predators are on the hunt.
Answer:
Acids have low pH. Usually around 1.
The levels of organization from small to large is the atom, molecule, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, and the organism.
• All the living and non-living thing is made up of one or more specific components called the elements, whose smallest unit is the atom.
• The atoms combine to produce the molecules. These are the building blocks to all the compositions in the body of a human being.
• All the living compositions are formed of cells, which are formed of many distinct molecules.
• All the cells are formed of a cell membrane that encircles a jelly-like cellular fluid comprising tiny organ like compositions known as organelles.
• The cells within the human body are aligned into tissues, which is a group of cells that work together to do a particular activity.
• The two or more different types of tissues give rise to an organ.
• The group of organs is known as the organ system.
• The most complex level of organization, which is formed of several organ systems that function in harmony is the organism.
Thus, the levels of organization from small to large is atom, molecule, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, and the organism.
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