Two students completed an experiment to determine if pesticide use at local farms was causing fish kills in a local pond. The steps of the experiment are listed below. 1.Select different locations to collect water samples in the pond.
2.Collect a 5-mL water sample at 8 am at a different location each day for 10 days.
3.Measure the amount of pesticide present in each sample using the same measurement tools.

After analyzing their data, the students conclude that pesticide runoff from farms is not causing the fish to die in the pond. Which of these statements best describes why their conclusion is not valid?

a. The amount of water collected each day was the independent variable.
b. The daily location for sample collection was not a controlled variable.
c. Pesticide measurements were the dependent variable.
d. The time of sample collection was not a controlled variable.

Final answer:

A probe uniquely hybridizes to a specific target gene due to the principle of complementary base pairing, meaning it only binds to the gene with the exact complementary sequence.

Explanation:

A DNA probe will hybridize to a target gene but not to any unrelated genes because each probe is uniquely matched to a specific target gene sequence. This process takes advantage of the principle of complementary base pairing, where adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine in DNA sequences. Hence, the probe, which is a short synthetic DNA sequence, will only bind with, or 'hybridize' to, the target gene that has the complementary sequence. For instance, if the probe sequence is AATGC, it will bind to the gene sequence TTACG but not to any unrelated genes with different sequences.

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organic molecules e.g(sugar)

Final answer:

The process of photosynthesis converts light energy from the sun into chemical energy, primarily stored in the bonds of glucose. This occurs in two stages, the light-dependent and light-independent reactions, using ATP and NADPH as intermediate energy carriers. The glucose can be further metabolized to drive cellular processes.

Explanation:

The process of photosynthesis converts the energy from sunlight into the chemical energy stored primarily in the bonds of glucose, a simple sugar. This occurs in two main stages: the light-dependent and the light-independent (or dark) reactions. During the light-dependent reactions, energy from sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy stored in molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate).

These energy-laden molecules are then used in the light-independent reactions to convert carbon dioxide from the air into glucose. This process resembles 'recharging' the energy in the morning to be spent throughout the day. Ultimately it takes 18 molecules of ATP and 12 molecules of NADPH to synthesize one molecule of glucose, a total of energy equivalent to approximately 54 ATP molecules.

This glucose molecule can be further combined with or converted into other types of sugars. When the sugars are consumed by cells, the glucose is broken down through a series of complex reactions to extract the energy stored within it. This harvested energy is again stored in ATP molecules, which serve as the primary 'energy currency' within cells to perform various essential tasks.

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Answer:

b. eubacteria, archaebacteria, and plantae

Explanation:

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