The sensory division of the body A. includes sensory neurons that receive impulses from the central nervous system.
B. transmits impulses to the central nervous system from sense organs.
C. contains the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
D. is part of the central nervous system.

Answer:

The formation of new species in the Anolis lizard genus on different islands, such as in the Caribbean, can be explained through a process known as adaptive radiation. Here's how this might have occurred:

1. **Founder Effect:** An ancestral population of Anolis lizards could have initially colonized an island. These individuals would represent only a subset of the genetic diversity of the main population on the mainland.

2. **Island Isolation:** Islands are isolated environments, which means that the colonizing population would be relatively isolated from the mainland. This isolation can lead to unique evolutionary pressures and opportunities.

3. **Adaptive Radiation:** With time, the isolated population would adapt to the specific environmental conditions of the island. This might include changes in diet, behavior, morphology, and other traits to better exploit the island's resources and ecological niches.

4. **Divergent Evolution:** Different populations of Anolis lizards on various islands would undergo divergent evolution. Each population would adapt to its specific island environment, leading to the development of distinct traits and characteristics.

5. **Reproductive Isolation:** Over many generations, these isolated populations could become reproductively isolated from each other. This means they can no longer interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

6. **Speciation:** When reproductive isolation occurs, and genetic differences accumulate between populations, new species can form. This is the essence of speciation. Each island's population may evolve into a unique species with its own set of characteristics.

7. **Ecological Niches:** Different islands offer different ecological niches and opportunities. Some Anolis species might become tree-dwelling, while others may adapt to life on the ground or in different vegetation types. This diversification allows them to exploit various resources and minimize competition within the island's ecosystem.

8. **Natural Selection:** Throughout this process, natural selection would act on the traits that enhance an individual's fitness in their specific island environment. This would drive the evolution of specialized features and behaviors.

Overall, the combination of isolation, adaptation to local conditions, and the accumulation of genetic differences over time can lead to the formation of multiple new species from a common ancestor, as seen in the Anolis lizards and many other island-dwelling organisms. This phenomenon is a classic example of evolutionary biology and demonstrates how biodiversity can arise in isolated environments.

Final answer:

Allopatric speciation could have led to the formation of new species from the ancestral anoles on different islands. This concept involves physical isolation, like that created by an island environment, followed by independent evolution due to environmental factors, genetic drift, and natural selection, which result in new species.

Explanation:

The process you're asking about can be explained by a concept called speciation -- more specifically, a type called allopatric speciation. This occurs when a population of a species is subdivided, often by physical barriers like water or mountains, and the smaller groups are isolated from each other. Over time, environmental differences, natural selection, or genetic drift, cause the independent evolution of the isolated populations, leading to the development of new species.

In the context of the ancestral anoles on different islands, this could have occurred if the ancestral population was spread across different islands – effectively isolating each group due to the surrounding water. Each island could possess unique environments with different predation pressures, food sources, climates, etc.

Learn more about Allopatric Speciation here:

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