CHEMISTRY COLLEGE

Determine the limiting reactant when 30.0 g of propane, C3H8, is burned with 75.0 g of oxygen.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer: The limiting reagent is oxygen gas.

Explanation:

Limiting reagent is defined as the reactant that is present in less amount and it limits the formation of products.

Excess reagent is defined as the reactant which is present in large amount.

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

$\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}$ .....(1)

For propane:

Given mass of propane = 30.0 g

Molar mass of propane = 44.1 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Moles of propane}=(30.0g)/(44.1g/mol)=0.680mol$

For oxygen:

Given mass of oxygen = 75.0 g

Molar mass of oxygen = 32 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Moles of propane}=(75.0g)/(32g/mol)=2.34mol$

The chemical equation for the combustion of propane follows:

$C_3H_8(g)+5O_2(g)\rightarrow 3CO_2(g)+4H_2O(l)$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

5 moles of oxygen gas reacts with 1 mole of propane.

So, 2.34 moles of oxygen gas will react with = $(1)/(5)* 2.34=0.468mol$ of propane

As, given amount of propane is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, oxygen is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.

Hence, the limiting reagent is oxygen gas.

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Organize the following solvents by increasing polarity A. Dichloromethane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether
B. Diethyl ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol
C. Ethyl acetate, ethanol, dichloromethane, diethyl ether
D. Ethanol, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dichloromethane

Answers

Answer:

B. Diethyl ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol

Explanation:

The polarity of solvents can be determined by their polarity indexes. Polarity index is defined as the measure of the ability of the solvent to interact with various polar test solutes.

Diethyl ether is the least polar with a polarity index of 2.8

Dichloromethane with a polarity index of 3.1

Ethyl acetate with a polarity index of 4.3

Ethanol is the most polar with a polarity index of 5.2

The differences in polarities of these solvents is due to their structure. Polar solvents have large dipole moments because they contain bonds between atoms with very different electronegativities, such as oxygen and hydrogen.

Because of the two non-polar methyl groups in diethyl ether, it is not as polar as dichloromethane which has two electronegative chlorine atoms attached to a carbon atom. Similarly too, because diethyl ether has two strongly electronegative oxygen atoms sharing a bond with carbon, it has a larger dipole moment than dichloromethane. Ethanol has an oxygen hydrogen bond which has the largest dipole moment, thus, it is the most polar of the given solvents.

When liquid phosphorus trichloride is added to water, it reacts to form aqueous phosphorous acid, h3po3(aq), and aqueous hydrochloric acid. express your answer as a balanced chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer?

Answers

Answer: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of phosphorus trichloride with water is written below.

Explanation:

A balanced chemical equation is defined as the equation in which total number of individual atoms on the reactant side is equal to the total number of individual atoms on product side.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of phosphorus trichloride with water follows:

$PCl_3(l)+3H_2O(l)\rightarrow H_3PO_3(aq.)+3HCl(aq.)$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of liquid phosphorus trichloride reacts with 3 moles of water to produce 1 mole of aqueous phosphorus acid and 3 moles of aqueous hydrochloric acid.

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of phosphorus trichloride with water is written above.

Hey there!:

I'll balance it:

PCl3 + H2O ---> H3PO3 + HCl

* PCl3 (l )+ 3 H2O (l)--->H3PO3(aq) +3 HCl(aq)

Hope that helps!

The heat capacity of chloroform (trichloromethane,CHCl3)in the range 240K to 330K is given
byCpm/(JK-1mol-1) = 91.47
+7.5x10-2(T/K). In a particular experiment,
1.0molCHCl3 is heated from 273K to 300K. Calculate the
changein molar entropy of the sample.

Answers

Answer : The change in molar entropy of the sample is 10.651 J/K.mol

Explanation :

To calculate the change in molar entropy we use the formula:

$\Delta S=n\int\limits^(T_f)_(T_i){(C_(p,m)dT)/(T)$

where,

$\Delta S$ = change in molar entropy

n = number of moles = 1.0 mol

$T_f$ = final temperature = 300 K

$T_i$ = initial temperature = 273 K

$C_(p,m)$ = heat capacity of chloroform = $91.47+7.5* 10^(-2)(T/K)$

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

$\Delta S=1.0\int\limits^(300)_(273){((91.47+7.5* 10^(-2)(T/K))dT)/(T)$

$\Delta S=1.0* [91.47\ln T+7.5* 10^(-2)T]^(300)_(273)$

$\Delta S=1.0* 91.47\ln ((T_f)/(T_i))+7.5* 10^(-2)(T_f-T_i)$

$\Delta S=1.0* 91.47\ln ((300)/(273))+7.5* 10^(-2)(300-273)$

$\Delta S=8.626+2.025$

$\Delta S=10.651J/K.mol$

Therefore, the change in molar entropy of the sample is 10.651 J/K.mol

Consider the following reaction at 298K.I2 (s) + Pb (s) = 2 I- (aq) + Pb2+ (aq)
Which of the following statements are correct?
Choose all that apply.
ΔGo > 0
The reaction is product-favored.
K < 1
Eocell > 0
n = 2 mol electrons
B-

Answers

Answer:

Eªcell > 0; n = 2

Explanation:

The reaction:

I2 (s) + Pb (s) → 2 I- (aq) + Pb2+ (aq)

Is product favored.

A reaction that is product favored has ΔG < 0 (Spontaneous)

K > 1 (Because concentration of products is >>>> concentration reactants).

Eªcell > 0 Because reaction is spontaneous.

And n = 2 electrons because Pb(s) is oxidizing to Pb2+ and I₂ is reducing to I⁻ (2 electrons). Statements that are true are:

Eªcell > 0; n = 2

of all the hydrogen nuclei in the ocean, 0.0156 how much deuterium could be obtained from 1.0 gal of ordinary tap water

Answers

Answer:

Poop Butt.

Explanation: Poop Butt.

A sample of gas has an initial volume of 3.00 L and an initial pressure of 2.14 atm. If the volume expands to 8.15 L, what is the final pressure?a. 0.855 atm b. 0.788 atm c. 3.49 atm d. 5.81 atm

Answers

Answer:

The final pressure is 0.788 atm (option b).

Explanation:

Boyle's law says that the volume occupied by a given gaseous mass at constant temperature is inversely proportional to pressure. That is: if the pressure increases, the volume decreases, while if the pressure decreases, the volume increases. This is expressed mathematically as the product of pressure times volume equal to a constant value:

P*V=k

Assuming a certain volume of gas V1 that is at a pressure P1 at the beginning of the experiment, by varying the volume of gas to a new value V2, then the pressure will change to P2, and it will be fulfilled:

P1*V1=P2*V2

In this case:

P1= 2.14 atm
V1= 3 L
P2= ?
V2= 8.15 L

Replacing:

2.14 atm*3 L= P2* 8.15 L

Solving:

$(2.14 atm*3 L)/(8.15 L) =P2$

0.788 atm= P2

The final pressure is 0.788 atm (option b).

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