A budget is in what's usually referred to as a "surplus"
Explanation:
The church, specifically the Catholic Church, had a significant influence on the lives of medieval Europeans in various ways:
1. **Religion:** The church was the central religious institution, and Christianity played a crucial role in the daily lives of medieval Europeans. People attended church services, observed religious festivals, and sought guidance from priests.
2. **Morality and Ethics:** The church played a fundamental role in shaping the moral and ethical standards of the time. It provided guidelines for behavior, emphasized virtues, and warned against sinful actions.
3. **Education:** Monasteries and cathedral schools were some of the primary centers of learning in medieval Europe. The church was responsible for preserving and transmitting knowledge, including classical texts. Monks and priests often served as educators.
4. **Social Services:** The church was involved in charitable work, providing assistance to the poor and needy. Monasteries, in particular, often functioned as centers for aid and refuge.
5. **Political Influence:** The church had considerable political power, and its leaders, including the Pope, could influence monarchs and nobles. The church also played a role in the crowning of kings and the legitimization of rulers.
6. **Art and Architecture:** Many of the great works of art and architecture during the medieval period were commissioned by the church. Cathedrals, illuminated manuscripts, and religious paintings are examples of this influence.
7. **Legal System:** Church courts, known as ecclesiastical courts, handled matters related to church law and moral conduct. They played a role in resolving disputes and enforcing church doctrine.
8. **Feudal System:** The church endorsed and supported the feudal system, which was the dominant socio-economic structure of medieval Europe. It provided a religious basis for the hierarchy and relationships within this system.
9. **Cultural Identity:** The church contributed to the development of a common European cultural identity through the use of Latin as the language of scholarship and religion. The church's liturgy and rituals were central to medieval culture.
Overall, the Catholic Church served as a unifying and stabilizing force in medieval Europe, influencing not only religious matters but also various aspects of daily life, culture, and governance.
B. Chinese laborers were oppressed in the gold-mining industry.
C. Japan was forced to open itself to trade with the West.
D. The Japanese government shifted from a monarchy to a democracy.
The major outcome of imperialism in Asia after the Industrial Revolution was that Japan was forced to open itself to trade with the West. Option C is correct.
The "Age of Imperialism" was fueled by the Industrial Revolution in Europe and the United States. Japan also began to expand its colonial influence across East Asia aiming to exert regional strength grew.
The major outcome of imperialism in Asia post-Industrial Revolution was Japan's forced opening to Western trade, leading to Japan's own imperial activities in Asia, especially after the Sino-Japanese War of 1895.
A major outcome of imperialism in Asia after the Industrial Revolution was that Japan was forced to open itself to trade with the West. During the 19th century, many Asian territories were carved up between Western powers leading to an increase in European influence. Japan, witnessing the industrial activity and military advancements in the West, embarked on a major period of modernization through the Meiji Restoration, which led to its own form of imperialism. In an effort to acquire resources and secure markets for its goods, Japan began to conduct its foreign policy with an imperialistic approach, as seen when it claimed its own "sphere of influence" in Chinese territory after the Sino-Japanese War of 1895. This shift in policy was directly correlated with the pressure to engage with Western powers and avoid the fate of colonization experienced by other parts of Asia.
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B. Monopoly was legal and could continue business
C. Government should ignore trusts
D. Government should encourage monopolies
Correct answer:
A. Monopoly was illegal and the trust should be broken up
Because they were combining powers in the stock market there was a monopolization during that time. The company Northern Securities Company was formed to control the stock of its main railway properties. In the year 1903 the Supreme Court of the USA determined that the monopoly was illegal and ruled against the shareholders of the railway companies of the Great North and the North Pacific and ordered the dissolution of the Northern Securities Company.
The Supreme Court regulated in the Northern Securities Trust case that monopoly was illegal and the trust should be broken up. The Northern Securities Case (1904), which founded President Theodore Roosevelt’s name as a “trust buster,” grasped the Supreme Court in 1904.
EXPLANATION:
The Supreme Court regulated in the Northern Securities Trust was the first model of Roosevelt’s use of anti-trust legislature to disassemble a monopoly, in this case, a retaining company regulating the major railway lines from Chicago to the Pacific Northwest.
James J. Hill of St. Paul, Minnesota struggled against the efforts of his arch-competitor Edward H. Harriman to take control of Burlington, Chicago, and Quincy Railroad in 1901. Hill, who ran the Great Northern and North Pacific Railroads, aimed to obtain entree to Chicago for its tracks from the Twin Cities. Hill and Harriman worked closely with financier John D. Rockefeller and banker J. P. Morgan to establish the Northern Securities Company after a prolonged and potentially catastrophic bidding war for CB&Q.
Founded in the state of New Jersey (which had laws that support this type of bargain), Northern Securities held a majority stake in CB&Q, the North Pacific, and the Great Northern railways, along with small roads related to the three.
In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt commanded his Department of Justice to divide this retaining company on the grounds that it was an unlawful combination that acted to limit trade. By applying the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, the federal government did so and the Northern Securities Company prosecuted to appeal the decision.
The case went to the Supreme Court, where the judges decide 5-4 in favor of the federal government. Roosevelt's trial had ignored the advice of prominent Republicans and showed independence from party elders. It also increased the support of its people and helped in its election campaign in 1904.
LEARN MORE:
If you’re interested in learning more about this topic, we recommend you to also take a look at the following questions:
• The government not sued the northern securities railroad trust because it thought the trust was? brainly.com/question/5082675
• What is an example of “trust-busting” that Theodore Roosevelt enforced? brainly.com/question/1619983
KEYWORDS : Northern Securities Trust, North Pacific Railroads
Subject : History
Class : 10-12
Sub-Chapter : Northern Securities Trust