What is the main factor that determines if a star will become a black hole

Answer:

-196 kJ

Explanation:

By the Hess' Law, the enthalpy of a global reaction is the sum of the enthalpies of the steps reactions. If the reaction is multiplied by a constant, the value of the enthalpy must be multiplied by the same constant, and if the reaction is inverted, the signal of the enthalpy must be inverted too.

2S(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g)  ΔH = -790 kJ

S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g)         ΔH = -297 kJ (inverted and multiplied by 2)

2S(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g)  ΔH = -790 kJ

2SO₂(g) → 2S(s) + 2O₂(g)   ΔH = +594 kJ

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2S(s) + 3O₂(g) + 2SO₂(g) → 2SO₃(g) + 2S(s) + 2O₂(g)

Simplifing the compounds that are in both sides (bolded):

2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g) ΔH = -790 + 594 = -196 kJ

Final answer:

The enthalpy of the reaction where sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide is -395 kJ.

Explanation:

The calculation of the enthalpy change of the reaction in which sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide involves Hess's Law, which states that the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction is the same whether it takes place in one step or several steps. This can be solved by comparing the enthalpy changes given in the two reactions presented.

First, consider the reactions given:

2S(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g), ΔH = -790 kJ

S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g), ΔH = -297 kJ

From these reactions, it is seen that the first reaction can be re-written as:

2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g), ΔH = -790 kJ

However, this reaction contains two moles of SO₂ whereas the reaction in question only requires one mole. Thus, the enthalpy change for the reaction becomes: ΔH = -790 KJ / 2 = -395 kJ.

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Another name for cytosol is cytoplasmic matrix. This fluid can be found inside cells. It has to do with how the cell's organelles are held in suspension.

Numerous crucial metabolic processes occur in the cytosol, which also serves as a conduit for the movement of chemicals and ions throughout the cell. It offers a dynamic setting that supports the cellular machinery and enhances the cell's overall functionality. The term "cytoplasmic matrix" refers to the fluid-like substance (cytosol) that provides the cytoplasmic organelles and molecules with their structural support.

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Introduction:

Understanding the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance is fundamental in many fields, from chemistry and physics to engineering and everyday applications. In this case, we're looking at how much energy it takes to heat a 75 g sample of aluminum.

Specific Heat Capacity of Aluminum:

To determine the energy required, we first need to consider the specific heat capacity of aluminum. The specific heat capacity (c) is a unique property of each material and represents the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of that substance by 1 degree Celsius (or 1 Kelvin). For aluminum, the specific heat capacity (c) is approximately 0.897 J/g°C (joules per gram per degree Celsius).

Mass of the Sample:

The next piece of the puzzle is the mass of the aluminum sample. You mentioned that it's 75 grams, so we'll use that value in our calculations.

Change in Temperature:

We're looking to raise the temperature of the aluminum from 22.4°C to 94.6°C. To find the change in temperature (ΔT), we subtract the initial temperature from the final temperature:

ΔT = 94.6°C - 22.4°C = 72.2°C

Calculating the Energy:

Now, we can use the specific heat capacity formula to calculate the energy (Q) needed to raise the temperature of the aluminum sample:

Q = m * c * ΔT

Where:

Q is the energy in joules (J).

m is the mass of the sample (75 g).

c is the specific heat capacity of aluminum (0.897 J/g°C).

ΔT is the change in temperature (72.2°C).

Plugging in these values:

Q = 75 g * 0.897 J/g°C * 72.2°C

Q ≈ 4863.15 J

Conclusion:

Therefore, approximately 4863.15 joules of energy are needed to raise the temperature of a 75 g sample of aluminum from 22.4°C to 94.6°C. This calculation is essential in various scientific and practical applications, from cooking to materials engineering, and helps us understand the energy requirements for temperature changes in different substances.

Answer: (1) functional groups

Explanation:

The compounds having similar molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms or groups in space are called isomers and the phenomenon is called as isomerism.  

Functional groups are specific group of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.

Dimethyl ether and ethanol are functional isomers which have same molecular formula but different functional groups attached and thus have different physical and chemical properties.

They have same number of atoms and thus have similar molecular mass of 46 and same percent composition by mass. The number of covalent bonds are 8 in both compounds.