Which law states that the volume and absolute temperature of a fixed quantity of gas are directly proportional under constant pressure conditions?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

$\boxed{{\text{Charles's law}}}$ states that volume occupied by a fixed quantity of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (Kelvin) at constant pressure.

Further Explanation:

Charles’s law:

Charles’s work showed that at constant pressure, the volume-temperature relationship for a fixed amount of gas is linear. In other words, Charles’s law can be stated that at constant pressure, the volume occupied by a fixed amount of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (Kelvin). This relationship is known as Charles’s law.

The mathematical representation of Charles’s law is,

${\mathbf{V}} \propto {\mathbf{T}}$ [P and n are constant]

Where,

V is volume occupied by the fixed quantity of gas.

T is the temperature of a gas.

P is the pressure of a gas.

n denotes the number of moles of gas.

The relationship can also be expressed as,

$\frac{{\mathbf{V}}}{{\mathbf{T}}}{\mathbf{ = constant}}$ [P and n are constant]

Or,

$\frac{{{{\mathbf{V}}_{\mathbf{1}}}}}{{{{\mathbf{T}}_{\mathbf{1}}}}}{\mathbf{ = }}\frac{{{{\mathbf{V}}_{\mathbf{2}}}}}{{{{\mathbf{T}}_{\mathbf{2}}}}}$ [P and n are constant]

Results of Charles’s law are as follows:

At constant pressure, if the volume of gas increases then the temperature also increases.

At constant pressure, if the volume of gas decreases then the temperature also decreases.

The volume (L) versus temperature (T) curve of Charles’s law is represented in the attached diagram.

Learn more:

1. Law of conservation of matter states: brainly.com/question/2190120

2. Calculation of volume of gas: brainly.com/question/3636135

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Ideal gas of equation

Keywords: Charles’s law, volume, temperature, pressure, volume temperature relationship, absolute temperature, constant pressure, relationship, V directly proportional to T, ideal gas, ideal gas equation number of moles, moles.

Answer 2

Answer:

Charles's Law states that the volume and absolute temperature of a fixed quantity of gas are directly proportional under constant pressure conditions

Further explanation

There are several gas equations in various processes:

1. The general ideal gas equation

PV = nRT

PV = NkT

N = number of gas particles

n = number of moles

R = gas constant (8,31.10 ^ 3 J / kmole K

k = Boltzmann constant (1,38.10 ^ -23)

n = = N / No

n = m / M

n = mole

No = Avogadro number (6.02.10 ^ 23)

m = mass

M = relative molecular mass

2. Avogadro's hypothesis

In the same temperature and pressure, in the same volume conditions, the gas contains the same number of molecules

So it applies: the ratio of gas volume will be equal to the ratio of gas moles

V1: V2 = n1: n2

2. Boyle's Law

At a fixed temperature, the gas volume is inversely proportional to the pressure applied

p1.V1 = p2.V2

3. Charles's Law

When the gas pressure is kept constant, the gas volume is proportional to the temperature

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

4. Gay Lussac's Law

When the gas is heated in a tube whose volume does not change, the gas pressure in the tube is proportional to its absolute temperature

P1 / T1 = P2 / T2

5. Law of Boyle-Gay-Lussac

Combined with Boyle's law and Gay Lussac's law

P1.V1 / T1 = P2.V2 / T2

P1 = initial gas pressure (N / m2 or Pa)

V1 = initial gas volume (m3)

P2 = gas end pressure

V2 = the final volume of gas

T1 = initial gas temperature (K)

T2 = gas end temperature

So the correct answer is Charles' Law, where at constant pressure, the volume of gas will be inversely proportional to its temperature

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Answers

Complete question is;

Molding a shape from soft, malleable material (clay or plaster) or constructing a shape from harder material (such as metal or paper) is called what?

Molding is what a child does with Play-Doh or origami

Answer:

Modeling

Explanation:

In chemistry, we have a branch called modeling chemistry. In modeling, we organize together a series of models instead of a collection of topics. In this approach, we will begin with a phenomena that can be readily observed and are gradually develop the simplest model of matter that helps us make sense of our observations.

Now in the question, we are Molding a shape from soft, malleable materials like clay/plaster or constructing from harder materials like metal/paper. This means that we are organizing a series of models from either soft & malleable or harder materials to produce a simple model shape.

Thus, this is simply modeling.

After 32 days, 5 milligrams of an 80-milligram sample of a radioactive isotope remains unchanged. What is the half-life of this element?(1) 8 days (3) 16 days
(2) 2 days (4) 4 days

Answers

Unstable heavy atoms will undergo radioactive decay to produce stable species. The half life time of the isotope which undergone a decay of 75 mg in 32 days is 18 days.

What is half life time?

The half life time of a radioactive sample is the time taken to reduce it to half of the initial amount by decay.

The heavy unstable material have very short half life and they will easily undergoes radioactive decay by emitting certain radiation.

Radioactive decay is a firs order reaction and have the equation to find the radioactive constant as follows:

$\lambda = (1)/(t) log([Ni])/([Nt])$

Where, t is the time of decay and Ni and Nt be the initial and final amount respectively.

It is given that 5 mg is remaining out of 80 mg after 32 days. Thus the radioactive constant is calculated as follows:

$\lambda = (1)/(32 days ) log (80)/(5) \n \n = 0.0376. days ^(-1)$

Now the half life time of the decay is calculated as below:

t(1/2) = 0.693 /decay constant

= 0.693/0.0376

= 18 days

Therefore, the half life time of the isotope which undergone a decay of 75 mg in 32 days is 18 days.

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$m=m_0 * ((1)/(2))^(t)/(t_(1/2))$
m - the mass that remains unchanged, m₀ - the inital mass, t - the time of decay, t1⁄2 - the half-life

$t=32 \ days \n m=5 \ mg \n m_0 = 80 \ mg \n \n 5 = 80 * ((1)/(2))^(32)/(t_(1/2)) \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |/ 80 \n (5)/(80)= ((1)/(2))^(32)/(t_(1/2)) \n (1)/(16)=((1)/(2))^(32)/(t_(1/2)) \n ((1)/(2))^4=((1)/(2))^(32)/(t_(1/2)) \n 4=(32)/(t_(1/2)) \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |* t_(1/2) \n 4t_(1/2)=32 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |/ 4 \n t_(1/2)=8$

The half-life is (1) 8 days.

What is meant by the solubility of a substance?and
What conditions must be specified when expressing the solubility of a substance

Answers

Solubility means the ability of a solute to dissolve in solvent to form a solution.

The temperature and pressure must be specified when expressing the solubility of a substance.

What is solubility?

Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature.

The solute can be a solid, liquid or a gas.

The solubility of a solid or a liquid solute in a solvent is affected by the temperature, while the solubility of a gaseous solute is affected by both the temperature and the pressure of the gas.

Temperature must be specified because solubility varies with temperature. For gases, the pressure must also be specified. Solubility is specific for a particular solvent.

Therefore, Solubility means the ability of a solute to dissolve in solvent to form a solution.

The temperature and pressure must be specified when expressing the solubility of a substance.

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Solubility is the property of a substance (any state of matter) to whether it can be dissolved. So if a substance is soluble (i.e. salt - in water) it dissolves easily. If it is insoluble, then it does not dissolve.
Conditions that must be specified include the solute (the substance that is dissolved, such as the salt) and the solvent (the liquid in which the solute is dissolved).

When the first periodic table of the elements was published, the elements were arranged by atomic mass. Although several elements seemed out of order, later discoveries showed the order to be correct. Which event most likely helped the development of the periodic table?

Answers

Answer;

New information changed the understanding of the atom’s structure.

Explanation;

Mendeleev is know as the Father of the Modern Periodic Table. His table allowed scientists to predict the existence of elements that hadn't been discovered.
Mendeleev saw that when the elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, those that had similar properties occurred in a repeating pattern. He predicted that elements yet to be found would fill the gaps in his table.

Decreasing the temperature can change water vapor into liquid water. What other change might also accomplish this task?A. Increasing the temperature
B. Decreasing the pressure
C. Increasing the pressure

Answers

Answer;

Increasing the pressure

Explanation;

An increase in pressure on a gas can bring the molecules close enough to each other to develop some inter-molecular attractions and form a liquid.
The increase in pressure changes the state of matter from gas to liquid and also from liquid to solid. But increase in pressure alone cannot change the state of matter. Every gases and liquid have certain temperature above which the application of pressure would not change the state of matter.

Decreasing the temperature can decrease the pressire. Temperature is directly proportional to pressure as what the law that Gay-Lussac stated. As the pressure goes increases,the temperature also increases. The higher the energy of a molecule, there is a high temperature and pressure also.

How many electrons can the n=4 shell hold?
a. 8
b.16
c.32
d.64

Answers

Answer:

32 Electrons

Explanation:

In statement the letter "n" specifies the Principle Quantum Number. Principle Quantum number is main energy level of an atom. Hence, n = 4 means we are talking about the fourth energy level or fourth shell of an atom.

Also, the number of electrons present in any main energy level are calculated by using following formula,

2n²

Hence, as,

n = 4

So, by putting this value in above formula,

2 (4)²

2 (16)

The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the n=4 shell is 32.

(Option C).

How many electrons can the n=4 shell hold?

The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the n=4 shell can be determined using the following formula.

maximum electrons = 2n²

where;

n is the orbital level

The given parameters include;

n = 4

The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the n=4 shell is calculated as;

maximum electrons = 2n²

maximum electrons = 2 (4²)

maximum electrons = 32

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