A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations isA. a hypothesis.
B. an inference.
C. a theory.
D. a controlled experiment.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: A: Because a hypothesis is a educated guess

Answer 2

Answer: A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations is a theory.

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Answers

More electrons pull together towards the nucleus.

A 50.0-gram block of copper at 10.0°C is carefully lowered into 100.0 grams of water at 90.0°C in an insulated container. Which statement describes the transfer of heat in this system?(1) The water loses heat to the block until both are at 10.0°C.
(2) The block gains heat from the water until both are at 90.0°C.
(3) The water loses heat and the block gains heat until both are at the same temperature that is between 10.0°C and 90.0°C.
(4) The water gains heat and the block loses heat until both are at the same temperature that is between 10.0°C and 90.0°C.

Answers

First consider and take note of the following:
1. When 2 or more finite amounts of substances are mix together (with different temperature) the final temperature is never equivalent to the initial temperature of any of the substances involved.
2. The substances meet at an equilibrium temperature.
3. Heat transfers from a higher temperature to a lower temperature.

Only choice (3) satisfies the conditions.

Final answer:

Heat transfers from the water to the copper block until both reach an equilibrium temperature.

Explanation:

The transfer of heat in this system can be described by (4) The water gains heat and the block loses heat until both are at the same temperature that is between 10.0°C and 90.0°C.

This is because heat always flows from the object with higher temperature to the object with lower temperature. In this case, the water at 90.0°C has a higher temperature than the copper block at 10.0°C. As a result, heat will transfer from the water to the copper block, causing the water to cool down and the copper block to heat up. Eventually, both objects will reach an equilibrium temperature somewhere between 10.0°C and 90.0°C.

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Heated bricks or blocks of iron were used long ago to warm beds. A 1.49 -kg block of iron heated to 155 Celsius would release how many joules of heat as it cooled to 22 Celsius ?

Answers

Specific heat capacity= Quantity of heat/massxΔT
Shc of iron (constant)= 0.4494J/³C for 1g
1.49kg=1490g
Q=1490x(22-155)x0.4494
Q=89057.598J

Final answer:

The question pertains to the concept of specific heat capacity. Using the formula 'q = mcΔT' where 'q' is the heat transferred, 'm' is the mass of the substance, 'c' is the specific heat and 'ΔT' is the temperature change, we can calculate how much heat a block of iron would release when it cools.

Explanation:

To solve your question, we need to understand the concept of specific heat capacity, which is an intensive property that depends only on the type of substance absorbing or releasing heat. The specific heat capacity (c) of a substance, commonly called its "specific heat," is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of the substance by 1 degree Celsius. The specific heat of iron is :

0.449 J/g°C

To calculate the amount of heat released, we need to use the formula for heat transfer as follows: q = mcΔT where:

q is the heat transferred
m is the mass of the substance
c is the specific heat of the substance
ΔT is the change in temperature

In this case, the mass of iron is 1.49 kg or 1490 g, the specific heat capacity of iron is 0.449 J/g°C, and the change in temperature is 155°C - 22°C = 133°C.

By multipying these values in the formula we get: q = 1490g x 0.449 J/g°C x 133°C. Therefore, the block of iron would release calculated amount of Joules of heat as it cooled from 155°C to 22°C.

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What is the melting point of a 3L aqueous solution that contains 100g of MgCl2? kf H2O=1.86 rhoH2O=1gmL

Answers

Answer:

Melting point of aqueous solution = -10.32 °C

Explanation:

$\Delta T_f=i * k_f * m$

Where,

ΔT_f = Depression in freezing point

k_f = molal depression constant

m = molality

Formula for the calculation of molality is as follows:

$m=(Mass\ of\ solute\ (kg))/(molecular\ mass\ of\ solute * mass\ of\ solvent)$

density of water = 1 g/mL

density = mass/volume

Therefore,

mass = density × volume

volume = 3 L = 3000 mL

Mass of water = 1 g/mL × 3000 mL

= 3000 g

$Molality(m)=(100*1000)/(18* 3000) \n=1.85\ m$

van't Hoff factor (i) for MgCl2 = 3

Substitute the values in the equation (1) to calculate depression in freezing point as follows:

$\Delta T_f=i * k_f * m\n=3* 1.86 * 1.85\n=10.32\ °C$

Melting point of aqueous solution = 0 °C - 10.32 °C

= -10.32 °C

Answer:

The melting point of the solution is - 1.953 °C

Explanation:

In an ideal solution, the freezing point depression is computed as follows:

$ΔT_f = k_f * b * i$

where:

$ΔT_f$ is the freezing-point depression

$k_f$ is the cryoscopic constant, in this case is equal to 1.86

b is the molality of the solution

i is the van't Hoff factor, number of ion particles per individual molecule of solute, in this case is equal to 3

Molality is defined as follows:

b = moles of solute/kg of solvent

Moles of solute is calculated as follows:

moles of solute = mass of solute/molecular weight of solute

In this case there are 100 g of solute and its molecular weight is 35.5*2 + 24 = 95 g/mole. So, the moles are:

moles of solute = 100 g/(95 g/mol) = 1.05 moles

The mass of solvent is computed as follows:

mass of solvent = density of solvent * Volume of solvent

Replacing with the data of the problem we get:

mass of solvent = 1 kg/L*3 L = 3 kg

Finally, the molality of the solution is:

b = 1.05/3 = 0.35 mol/kg

Then, the freezing-point depression is:

$ΔT_f = 1.86 * 0.35 * 3$

$ΔT_f = 1.953 C$

The freezing-point depression is the difference between the melting point of the pure solvent (here water) and the melting point of the solution. We know that the the melting point of water is 0 °C, then:

melting point of water - melting point of the solution = 1.953 °C

melting point of the solution = 0 °C - 1.953 °C = - 1.953 °C

How many atoms are in 0.750 moles of zinc?

Answers

There are approximately 4.52 x 10^23 atoms in 0.750 moles of zinc.

How to find the number of atoms

To determine the number of atoms in a given amount of a substance, you can use Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol.

Given that you have 0.750 moles of zinc, you can calculate the number of atoms using the following steps:

Multiply the given number of moles by Avogadro's number:

0.750 moles * (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) = 4.5165 x 10^23 atoms

Round the result to an appropriate number of significant figures:

Since the value given has three significant figures, the final answer should be rounded accordingly. Therefore, the number of atoms in 0.750 moles of zinc is approximately 4.52 x 10^23 atoms.

So, there are approximately 4.52 x 10^23 atoms in 0.750 moles of zinc.

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