Answer:
d. an organism responds to new stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus.
Explanation:
A stimulus generalization is when an individual responds to a new stimulus the same or similar way that it responded to a stimulus with similar characteristics. Considering this information the correct answer is d.
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Stimulus generalization in psychology refers to an organism responding to new stimuli which resemble the original conditioned stimulus. In this case, a learned response to a specific stimulus is also triggered by other, related stimuli. The right answer is (d) an organism responds to new stimuli that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus.
Stimulus generalization is a concept from the field of psychology, specifically within the realm of classical conditioning. It refers to the tendency of a new stimulus, which is similar to the original conditioned stimulus, to induce a response that is identical or similar to the conditioned response. To answer the question, option (d) an organism responds to new stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus is correct.
For instance, if a bell's ringing (conditioned stimulus) always precedes the giving of tasty food (unconditioned stimulus), a dog may start salivating (conditioned response) at the sound of the bell. In the case of stimulus generalization, the dog might also start salivating when it hears a sound that's similar to the bell, like a whistle. Thus, the original conditioned response (salivation) has been generalized to other similar stimuli (the whistle).
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