BIOLOGY HIGH SCHOOL

Mark knows that animals reflexively blink when air is puffed at their eyes. Now Mark wants to use this fact and classical conditioning to train a rat to blink when it hears a tone. What would the neutral stimulus be in this situation?

Answers

Answer 1
Answer:

Answer:

the tone is the neutral stimulus

Explanation:

In classical conditioning, as first experimented by Pavlov in his experiment with dogs, the bell that was presented initially was the neutral stimulus which was not capable of eliciting salivation alone. He later paired the neutral stimulus (the bell), with the unconditioned stimulus (meat powder) which naturally elicited salivation. The neutral stimulus then became associated with the unconditioned stimulus to eventually trigger salivation when presented alone.

In the situation of the rat of which Mark wants to train it by applying classical conditioning technique, the tone is the neutral stimulus. Except it is paired with the unconditional stimulus which naturally would make the rat blink, it would only attract the attention of the rat without making it to blink.

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How are the alleles for sex-linked traits inherited? They are passed from the Y chromosome in parents to the X chromosome in offspring. They are passed from the X chromosome in parents to the XY chromosome in offspring. They are passed from parents to offspring on the X and Y chromosomes. They are passed from any chromosome in the parents to the X or Y chromosome in the offspring.

An interview conducted by a research writer would be a _____ source.secondary
reliable
primary
tertiary

Answers

Answer:

secondary is a correct option.

Explanation:

  • primary source: source which has the original source of information. It is a source of which has been created when the study is done.
  • Secondary source: in which analysis is done based on the primary source, In this original information analyzed and arranged after that evaluation is done.
  • In this case an interview conducted by a research writer would be a secondary source because the analysis is done based on the primary data.
  • tertiary source: It is a distillation of the information obtained from both primary and secondary sources.
It is a Secondary source because it is conducted by the conductor.

Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are the end products of

Answers

Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are the end products of Alcoholic fermentation.
Alcoholic fermentation.

Some invertebrates, after hatching from eggs, look completely different from their parents and are probably in a _____ form. larva pupa nymph embryo

Answers

Answer: Larva

Explanation:

  • The class of invertebrates in which the young one looks completely different from the adult form is known as holometabolous organisms.
  • In holometabolous organisms, the young one known as the larva is completely different from the adult and the process in which the larva transforms into an adult is known as metamorphosis.
  • For the process of metamorphosis, the following life stages occur,
  • Adult ---> egg---->larva--->pupa ---> adult
  • E.g is a butterfly in which the larva (caterpillar) looks completely different from the adult butterfly.

Answer:

Larva

Explanation:

And i'm a big fan of you keep doing what your doing bro

Gaara Goated.

During which process is ethanol produced?A-lactic acid fermentation
B-alcohol fermentation
C-citric acid cycle
D-electron transport chain

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer would be B-alcohol fermentation.

Alcohol fermentation or ethanol fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration by which organism (such as yeast) convert sugar such as glucose, sucrose et cetera into ethanol and carbon dioxide in order to produce energy.

First, glucose is converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate by the process of glycolysis. It leads to the formation of 2 molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and 2 molecules of NADH.

Then, two molecules of pyruvate are converted into two molecules of acetaldehyde with the help of enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase. Two molecules of carbon dioxide are released as a byproduct.

Lastly, two molecules of acetaldehyde are converted into two molecules of ethanol with the help of enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. It consumes two NADH and regenerates two NAD⁺ lost during the process of glycolysis.

Hence, the net gain of alcohol fermentation is two ATP.

Thus, we can say that ethanol is produced during alcohol fermentation.

During alcohol fermentation ethanol is produced.

Alcohol fermentation involves the break down of sugars in organisms such as yeast to form ethanol or alcohol, carbon dioxide and release energy.

Further Explanation;

Anaerobic respiration

  • Anaerobic respiration on the other hand is a type of respiration that occurs in absence of oxygen gas.
  • It involves the breakdown of organic compounds to form small amount of energy in the form of ATP and ethanol or lactic acid as byproducts.

Alcohol fermentation

  • Alcohol fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration where an alcohol is formed as a byproduct.
  • During alcohol fermentation organism such as yeast convert sugars such as glucose, sucrose into ethanol and carbon dioxide in order to produce energy.

Stages of Alcohol Fermentation

Glycolysis;

  • One glucose molecule is broken down to pyruvate and two molecules of ATP are formed. This leads to generation of two molecules of ATP and two molecules of an energy carrier NADH.

Fermentation;

  • Pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to ethanol.
  • This occurs in two steps

Step 1

  • Pyruvate is first converted into two molecules of acetaldehyde, which is catalyzed by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase and two molecules of carbon dioxide are released as byproduct.

Step 2

  • Acetaldehyde is then converted into ethanol by the enzyme alcohol degydrogenase which consumes the two molecules of NADH and regenerates NAD+ used during glycolysis.

Keywords: Anaerobic respiration, Fermentation, alcohol fermentation, Glycolysis, steps involved in alcohol fermentation

Learn more about:

Level: High school

Subject: Biology

Topic:  Respiration

Sub topic: Alcohol fermentation

An atom of an element has 10 protons. What is also true of that atom? A. It has 10 electrons. B. It has 10 isotopes. C. It has 10 neutrons. D. It has 10 ions.

Answers

The answer is A. It has 10 electrons. Most atoms have a neutral charge. Protons and electrons make up the charge of an atom. A neutral charge means that the protons and electrons= the same amount. So your atom has 10 protons and 10 electrons

Which of the following forms an important component of phloem tissue?A. tracheids

B.
vessels

C. companion cells

Answers

Answer: The correct answer is- C) Companion cells.

Phloem tissue is a complex conducting tissue that is present in the vascular plants and responsible for the transport of organic compound such as carbohydrates and proteins from leaves to the rest part of the plant.

The various components of phloem tissue are- Sieve element, Companion cells, phloem parenchyma, phloem fiber.

Companion cells are specialized cells ( present in association of sieve element) that perform various metabolic reactions and responsible for cellular activities. They help in loading and unloading of carbohydrate into sieve element.      
C. Companion cells. THe vessels are for blood flow, Tracheids are elongated cells in the xylem of vascular plants that serve in the transport of water and mineral salts. 
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