a. Business, scientific, and entertainment systems are inherently complex. It is a well-known fact that systems can be better understood by breaking them down into individual tasks. Share how a programmer would use "top-down design" to understand better how a computer program should be designed. How do hierarchy charts aid the programmer?

Answer:

The single greatest physical threat to information systems is:

Sabotage

Explanation:

Sabotage describes the efforts of internal persons to ensure that a system does not operate as intended or is destroyed.  Among the threats to information systems, this is the greatest.  The problem with sabotage is that the operators are internal, they know the system very well.  They understand the weak points and the strengths of the system.  They are internal terrorists to any information system.  These internal saboteurs are capable of using any means to achieve their purpose.  Therefore, it is necessary to scrutinize employees from time to time to discover internal risks.

Answer:

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Explanation:

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Answer:

sample output

Enter f0 = 440

440.0,466.1637615180899, 493.8833012561241,

523.2511306011974,  554.3652619537443

Explanation:

import math                                 // math library  

def RaiseToPower():                 //  RaiseToPower method

 r = math.pow(2,1/12)               //r = 2^(1/12)

f0 = float(input('Enter f0 : '))     //input from user

//a key has a frequency,sy f0

print(f0,end=' ')                      //Display statement

 for n in range(1,5):                //Iterate the loop up to  the next 4 higher key Hz

n = f0 * math.pow(r,n)         //calculate the fn value

print(fn,end=' ')                   //Display statement

 RaiseToPower()                //Call RaiseToPower method  

Answer:

1.Computer Organization is how operational parts of a computer system are linked together. Computer architecture provides functional behavior of computer system. ... Computer organization provides structural relationships between parts of computer system.

2. An ISA, or Individual Savings Account, is a savings account that you never pay any tax on. It does come with one restriction, which is the amount of money you can save or invest in an ISA in a single tax year – also known as your annual ISA allowance.

3. The principle of equivalence of hardware and software states that anything that can be done with software can also be done with hardware and vice versa. This is important in designing the architecture of a computer. There are probably uncountable choices to mix and match hardware with software.

4.Computer systems consist of three components as shown in below image: Central Processing Unit, Input devices and Output devices. Input devices provide data input to processor, which processes data and generates useful information that's displayed to the user through output devices.

5.What is the (approximate) equivalent power of 2? The prefix giga means 109 in the SI (International System of Units) of decimal system. Now convert to binary definition. So, the 1 giga =230 bytes.

Answer:

The program to the given question as follows:

Program:

import java.util.*; //import package for user input.

public class Main //defining class Main

{

public static void main(String[] as) //defining main method

{

final double over_time_factor = 1.5; //define final variable

double number_Of_hours,wages,total_Wages=0; //defining variables  

System.out.println("Enter hours and wages rate:"); //print message

Scanner obc = new Scanner(System.in); //creating Scanner class object for user input

number_Of_hours = obc.nextDouble(); //taking input

wages = obc.nextDouble(); //taking input

if(number_Of_hours>40) //check condition if number_Of_hours greter then 40

{

total_Wages=40*wages+(number_Of_hours-40)*wages*over_time_factor; //calculate value

}

else //else part

{

total_Wages = number_Of_hours*wages; //calculate total_Wages

}

System.out.println("Total Wages: $"+total_Wages); //print value

}

}

Output:

Enter hours and wages rate:

12

3

Total Wages: $36.0

Explanation:

In the above java program, the package is first imported into the user input and then the class is defined and inside this, the main method is defined, that defines a double type final variable "over_time_factor" is defined that holds a value "1.5", Then double type variable is defined that are " number_Of_hours, wages, and total_Wages", in which first two variables are used for taking input from the user and the third variable is used to calculate their values. After taken input from the user, the conditional statement is used that can be defined as follows:

• The if block, checks the variable "number_Of_hours" value is greater than 40 it will calculate over_time_factor value that is held by total_Wages variable.  

• In else block, it will multiply the user input value that is store in total_Wages variable.  

• At the end of the conditional statement, the print function is used that prints total_Wages variable value.