A satellite travels around the Earth in a circular orbit. What is true about the forces acting in this situation? A. The resultant force is the same direction as the satellite’s acceleration. B. The gravitational force acting on the satellite is negligible. C. There is no resultant force on the satellite relative to the Earth. D. The satellite does not exert any force on the Earth.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer:

A. The resultant force in the same direction as the satellite’s acceleration.

Explanation:

Launching a satellite in the space and then placing it in orbit around the Earth is a complicated process but at the very basic level it works on simple principles. Gravitational force pulls the satellite towards Earth whereas it acceleration pushes it in straight line.

The resultant force of gravity and acceleration makes the satellite remain in orbit around the Earth. It is condition of free fall where the gravity is making the satellite fall towards Earth but the acceleration doesn't allow it and keeps it in orbit.

Answer 2

Answer:

Final answer:

In a circular orbit around the Earth, the resultant force acting on a satellite is in the same direction as its acceleration.

Explanation:

In a satellite orbiting the Earth in a circular orbit, there are several forces at play. The gravitational force between the satellite and the Earth provides the centripetal force that keeps the satellite in its orbit. The centripetal force acts towards the center of the circular orbit, while the satellite's acceleration is directed towards the center as well. Therefore, option A is correct: the resultant force is in the same direction as the satellite's acceleration.

The gravitational force acting on the satellite is not negligible; in fact, it is crucial in providing the necessary centripetal force. Therefore, option B is incorrect.

Option C is incorrect as well. There is a resultant force acting on the satellite relative to the Earth, which is responsible for keeping the satellite in its circular orbit.

Lastly, option D is also incorrect. According to Newton's third law of motion, the satellite exerts an equal and opposite force on the Earth, keeping the Earth and the satellite in orbit around their common center of mass.

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What two statements are true about energy transformations
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A hydrogen atom contains a single electron that moves in a circular orbit about a single proton. Assume the proton is stationary, and the electron has a speed of 7.5 105 m/s. Find the radius between the stationary proton and the electron orbit within the hydrogen atom.

Answers

Answer:

450 pm

Explanation:

The electron is held in orbit by an electric force, this works as the centripetal force. The equation for the centripetal acceleration is:

a = v^2 / r

The equation for the electric force is:

F = q1 * q2 / (4 * π * e0 * r^2)

Where

q1, q2: the electric charges, the charge of the electron is -1.6*10^-19 C

e0: electric constant (8.85*10^-12 F/m)

If we divide this force by the mass of the electron we get the acceleration

me = 9.1*10^-31 kg

a = q1 * q2 / (4 * π * e0 * me * r^2)

v^2 / r = q1 * q2 / (4 * π * e0 * me * r^2)

We can simplify r

v^2 = q1 * q2 / (4 * π * e0 * me * r)

Rearranging:

r = q1 * q2 / (4 * π * e0 * me * v^2)

r = 1.6*10^-19 * 1.6*10^-19 / (4 * π * 8.85*10^-12 * 9.1*10^-31 * (7.5*10^5)^2) = 4.5*10^-10 m = 450 pm

A space probe has two engines. Each generates the same amount of force when fired, and the directions of these forces can be in- dependently adjusted. When the engines are fired simultaneously and each applies its force in the same direction, the probe, starting from rest, takes 28 s to travel a certain distance. How long does it take to travel the same distance, again starting from rest, if the engines are fired simultaneously and the forces that they apply to the probe are perpendicular

Answers

Answer:

t = 39.60 s

Explanation:

Let's take a careful look at this interesting exercise.

In the first case the two motors apply the force in the same direction

F = m a₀

a₀ = F / m

with this acceleration it takes t = 28s to travel a distance, starting from rest

x = v₀ t + ½ a t²

x = ½ a₀ t²

t² = 2x / a₀

28² = 2x /a₀ (1)

in a second case the two motors apply perpendicular forces

we can analyze this situation as two independent movements, one in each direction

in the direction of axis a, there is a motor so its force is F/2

the acceleration on this axis is

a = F/2m

a = a₀ / 2

so if we use the distance equation

x = v₀ t + ½ a t²

as part of rest v₀ = 0

x = ½ (a₀ / 2) t²

let's clear the time

t² = (2x / a₀) 2

we substitute the let of equation 1

t² = 28² 2

t = 28 √2

t = 39.60 s

A plank 2.00 cm thick and 13.0 cm wide is firmly attached to the railing of a ship by clamps so that the rest of the board extends 2.00 m horizontally over the sea below. A man of mass 68.4 kg is forced to stand on the very end. If the end of the board drops by 5.20 cm because of the man's weight, find the shear modulus of the wood.

Answers

Answer:

9.93 MPa

Explanation:

Given:

- mass of the man = 68.4 kg

- Deflection dx = 5.2 cm

- thickness of plank t = 2.0 cm

- width of plank w = 13.0 cm

- Length subtended L = 2.0 m

Find:

Shear Modulus of Elasticity S :

S = shear stress / shear strain

Shear stress = F / A

Shear stress = 68.4*9.81 / 0.02*0.13

Shear stress = 258078.4615 Pa

Shear strain = dx / L

Shear Strain = 0.052 / 2

Shear Strain = 0.026

Hence,

S = 258078.4615 / 0.026

S = 9.93 MPa

(a) A woman climbing the Washington Monument metabolizes 6.00×102kJ of food energy. If her efficiency is 18.0%, how much heat transfer occurs to the environment to keep her temperature constant? (b) Discuss the amount of heat transfer found in (a). Is it consistent with the fact that you quickly warm up when exercising?

Answers

Answer:

492 kJ

Consistent

Explanation:

Q = Heat stored by woman from food = 600 k J

η = Efficiency of woman = 18% = 0.18

Q' = heat transferred to the environment

heat transferred to the environment is given as

Q' = (1 - η) Q

Inserting the values

Q' = (1 - 0.18) (600)

Q' = 492 kJ

Yes the amount of heat transfer is consistent. The process of sweating produces the heat and keeps the body warm

Final answer:

A woman climbing the Washington Monument metabolizes food energy with 18% efficiency, meaning 82% of the energy is lost as heat. When we calculate this value, we find that 492 kJ of energy is released as heat, which is consistent with the fact that people quickly warm up when exercising.

Explanation:

The woman climbing the Washington Monument metabolizes 6.00×10² kJ of food energy with an efficiency of 18%. This implies that only 18% of the energy consumed is used for performing work, while the remaining (82%) is lost as heat to the environment.

To calculate the energy lost as heat:

Determine the total energy metabolized, which is 6.00 × 10² kJ.
Multiply this total energy by the percentage of energy lost as heat (100% - efficiency), which gives: (6.00 × 10² kJ) * (100% - 18%) = 492 kJ.

The released heat of 492 kJ is consistent with the fact that a person quickly warms up when exercising, because a significant portion of the body's metabolic energy is lost as heat due to inefficiencies in converting energy from food into work.

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What is the average kinetic energy of hydrogen atoms on the 5500°C surface of the sun?

Answers

Answer: The average kinetic energy of hydrogen atoms is $1.19562* 10^(-19)J$

Explanation:

To calculate the average kinetic energy of the atom, we use the equation:

$K=(3)/(2)kT$

where,

K = average kinetic energy

k = Boltzmann constant = $1.3807* 10^(-23)J/K$

T = temperature = $5500^oC=[5500+273]K=5773K$

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$K=(3)/(2)* 1.3807* 10^(-23)J/K* 5773K\n\nK=1.19562* 10^(-19)J$

Hence, the average kinetic energy of hydrogen atoms is $1.19562* 10^(-19)J$

In this example we will use pendulum motion to actually measure the acceleration of gravity on a different planet. An astronaut on the surface of Mars measures the frequency of oscillation of a simple pendulum consisting of a ball on the end of a string. He finds that the pendulum oscillates with a period of 1.5 s. But the acceleration due to gravity on Mars is less than that on earth, gMars=0.38gearth. Later, during a journey to another planet, the astronaut finds that his simple pendulum oscillates with a period of 0.92 s. What planet is he now on?SOLUTIONSET UP Each planet has a different value of the gravitational acceleration g near its surface. The astronaut can measure g at his location, and from this he can determine what planet he's on. First we use the information about Mars to find the length L of the string that the astronaut is swinging. Then we use that length to find the acceleration due to gravity on the unknown planet.