Life has existed on Earth for about 3.8 billion years despite gradual and sudden environmental changes. How do the scientific factors of sustainability help explain how life has continued to survive and evolve?
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Answer:
As we all are aware that life on Earth is existed due to several environmental changes and there are several scientific factors of sustainability that support the survival and evolution of life on Earth.
Scientific factors of sustainability include solar energy, chemical cycle, and biodiversity that supported life on Earth.solar energy helps all organism and especially producers to gain energy and store the energy which further used in chemical cycles of transferring energy to other trophic levels.
Chemical cycle also involves the interaction of biotic and abiotic envrionment with each other that leads to environmental changes as well as organisms adapt themselves accordingly.
Biodiversity maintains the balance in the ecosystem and prevent dominancy of one organism otherwise it can lead to scarcity and organism would not be able to survive. Variation in biodiversity due to random mating in the same species leads to evolution and produces new species of organisms.
Hence, scientific factors of sustainability play major role in survival and evolution of life on the Earth.
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What are three possible dangers when dealing with acids with low pH and bases with high pH
Answers
The carbon atoms bind together to create the compound's framework. Therefore, the name of the hydrocarbon CH(CH
)
CH
is n-octane.
What is hydrocarbon?
Any member of a group of organic compounds comprised only of the atoms carbon (C) as well as hydrogen (H) (H). The carbon atoms bind together to create the compound's framework, as well as the hydrogen atoms connect to them in a variety of ways.
Petroleum as well as natural gas are mostly composed of hydrocarbons. They are used as fuels and lubricants, as well as raw materials to make polymers, fibers, rubbers, solvents, explosives, various industrial chemicals. The name of the hydrocarbon CH(CH
)
CH
is n-octane.
Therefore, the name of the hydrocarbon CH(CH
)
CH
is n-octane.
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Answer is: n-octane.
Octane is the straight-chain alkane (an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon) with eight carbon atoms.
Carbons in octane have sp3 hybridization (carbon’s 2s and three 2p orbitals combine into four identical sp3 orbitals).
Orbitals in sp3 hybridization have a tetrahedral arrangement and form single (sigma) bonds.
Burning octane fuel is very fast chemical reaction, it happens in immediately.
Main products of the combustion of fossil fuels are carbon(IV) oxide and water.
Chemical reaction: C₈H₁₈ + 25/2O₂ → 8CO₂ + 9H₂O; ΔH = -5500 kJ/mol.
The strength of an acid or a base is determined by the _______ of the substance in solution.
The acid dissociation constant, _______, is a quantitative measure of acid strength. A strong acid has a much _______ Ka than a weak acid. The Ka of an acid is determined from measured _______ values.
Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are _______ ionized in solution and are _______ acids. Ethanoic acid, which is only about 1 percent ionized, is a _______ acid. Magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are strong _______.
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Answer :The corrected answer is given below;
Weak bases react with water to form the hydroxide ion and the conjugate acidof the base. Concentration in solution does not affect whether an acid or a base is strong or weak.
The strength of an acid or a base is determined by the dissociation constant of the substance in solution.
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, is a quantitative measure of acid strength. A strong acid has a much higher Ka than a weak acid. The Ka of an acid is determined from measured titration values.
Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are completely ionized in solution and are strong acids. Ethanoic acid, which is only about 1 percent ionized, is a weak acid. Magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are strong base.
Answer:
water
acid
strong
dissociation constant
Ka
higher
titration
completely
Strong
weak
base
Explanation:
Weak bases react with water to form the hydroxide ion and the conjugate acid of the base. Concentration in solution does not affect whether an acid or a base is strong or weak.
The strength of an acid or a base is determined by the dissociation constant (ka /Kb) of the substance in solution.
The acid dissociation constant, Ka, is a quantitative measure of acid strength. A strong acid has a much higher Ka than a weak acid. The Ka of an acid is determined from measured titration values.
Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are completely ionized in solution and are strong acids. Ethanoic acid, which is only about 1 percent ionized, is a weak acid. Magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are strong base.
Answers
(A) composed of macromolecules held together by strong bonds
(B) composed of atoms held together by delocalized electrons
(C) composed of positive and negative ions held together by electrostatic attractions
(D) composed of molecules held together by intermolecular dipole–dipole interactions
(E) composed of molecules held together by intermolecular London forces
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The solid HCl is composed of molecules held together by intermolecular dipole–dipole interactions. The significant electronegativity difference between H and Cl make the dipole -dipole force in between HCl molecules.
What is dipole - dipole force ?
Dipole -dipole forces arises between molecules of permanent dipole moment. Covalent compounds are formed between two non-metals through electron sharing .
When one atoms is highly electronegative compared to the other, the shared pair of electrons attracts more to the electronegative atom. Which make partial charge separation and the compound becomes polar.
Two polar molecules attracts each other through dipole -dipole forces. HCl is a polar compound. Thus, in HCl solid, HCl molecules are held together by dipole -dipole forces.
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a. True
b. False
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Answers
Explanation:
Sodium Sulphate Formula is
Na2SO4
where the ionic form is given as,
Na2+ SO42-