What did John Dalton contribute to the understanding of the atom?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

John Dalton contribute to the understanding of the atom that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks.

While all atoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing sizes and mass.

What is an atom?

An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element.

An atom consists of a central nucleus that is usually surrounded by one or more electrons.

Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.

Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition.

The theory states that all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible.

(1) All matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles, called atoms, that cannot be destroyed or created.

(2) Each element has atoms that are identical to each other in all of their properties.

Learn more about the atom here:

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Answer 2

Answer: Dalton's atomic theory proposed that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks. While all atoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing size and mass.

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#1: Which of the following is an exothermic reaction? A. dissolving ammonium nitrate in water to cool the water B. condensation C. melting ice D. dissolving sugar in water. #2: Two objects (A and B) of the same temperature are in contact with each other. Which of the following statements is true? A. Heat transfers from object B to object A, because molecules from B collide with those from A. B. Heat transfers from object A to object B, because molecules from A collide with those from B. C. Although the molecules collide, no heat transfers because there is no temperature difference between the objects. D. No heat transfers, because there are no collisions between the molecules of the objects. #3: Which of the following parameters is kept constant in a coffee-cup calorimeter? A. temperature B. volume C. pressure D. kinetic energy #4: What type of substance would be best for use in a heating system? A. a liquid with a high specific heat B. a solid with a high specific heat C. a liquid with a low specific heat D. a gas with a low specific heat. #5: The reaction 2 NO(g) → N2(g) + O2(g) has a ΔH = -180.5 kJ. How much heat will be required to produce 44.8 L of NO by the reverse reaction? A. 644 kJ B. 180.5 kJ C. 301 kJ D. 322.3 kJ

Answers

These are the following answers to the five questions:
(1) (B) condensation. Condensation is exothermic, but it's not a reaction, it's a physical change.
(2) (C) Although the molecules collide, no heat transfers because there is no temperature difference between the objects.
(3) (C) pressure
(4) (A) a liquid with a high specific heat
(5) Supposing the NO is measured at STP:
(44.8 L) / (22.4 L/mol) x (180.5 kJ / 2 mol NO) = (B) 180.5 J

(1) (B) condensation. Condensation is exothermic, but it's not a reaction, it's a physical change.

(2) (C) Although the molecules collide, no heat transfers because there is no temperature difference between the objects.

(3) (C) pressure

(4) (A) a liquid with a high specific heat

(5) Supposing the NO is measured at STP:

(44.8 L) / (22.4 L/mol) x (180.5 kJ / 2 mol NO) = (B) 180.5 J

If an atom has 3 protons, what is its atomic number?

Answers

Answer:

Atomic Number = 3.

Explanation:

The number of protons determines the atomic number. Basically the number of protons is the exact same as the atomic number.

Protons 3 = Atomic number 3

Which occurs when two fluorine atoms react to produce a fluorine molecule? (1) Energy is absorbed as a bond is broken. (2) Energy is absorbed as a bond is formed. (3) Energy is released as a bond is broken. (4) Energy is released as a bond is formed.

Answers

When two fluorine atoms react to produce a fluorine molecule, Energy is released as a bond is formed. The answer is number 4. IT takes energy to form a bond from two atoms that is why energy is releases after the bond is formed.

Which element has chemical properties that are most similar to the chemical properties of sodium?(1) beryllium (3) lithium
(2) calcium (4) magnesium

Answers

Check out your periodic table. Elements in the same column (families) usually share similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. In this case, the only element listed that is part of Sodium's family is Lithium, so Lithium is most similar to Sodium.

Final answer:

Lithium is an element that has chemical properties most similar to sodium.

Explanation:

Out of the given options, lithium is the element that has chemical properties most similar to sodium.

Sodium and lithium are both in Group 1 of the periodic table, also known as the alkali metals. Alkali metals have similar properties because they all have one valence electron, which makes them highly reactive.

For example, like sodium, lithium reacts vigorously with water to produce hydrogen gas and a hydroxide:

2Li(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2LiOH(aq) + H2(g)