What are three different defects that could be responsible for malfunctioning lysosomes?Select the three correct answers.
A) a defect in the synthesis of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
B) a defect in the mannose-6-phosphate receptor in the Golgi apparatus
C) a defect in the releasing small molecules from digested materials into the cytosol
D) a defect in a hydrolytic enzyme that breaks down polysaccharide
E) a defect in the process of adding a mannose-6-phosphate signal to lysosomal hydrolases
F) a defect in the mannose-6-phosphate receptor in the mitochondria

B. Digestion begins outside the cells statement is true for both incomplete and complete digestive systems

Further explanation

"Digestion begins outside the cells" is the statement that is true for both incomplete and complete digestive systems

Because digestion occurs outside the cell, it is said to be extracellular. Intracellular digestion thus means digestion that occurs inside our cells. Extracellular digestion takes place either in the lumen of the digestive system, in a gastric cavity or other digestive organ, or completely outside the body.

The prefix "extra" means "outside the thing ", and "extra" indicates that extracellular digestion must occur outside the cell. The definition of extracellular digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food.

During extracellular digestion, food is broken down outside the cell. It is done either mechanically or with acid by special molecules called enzymes. Then the newly broken down nutrients can be absorbed by the cells nearby. Humans use extracellular digestion when they eat.

Extracellular digestion in our human digestive system occurs in the alimentary canal which runs from the starting point of digestion, our mouths, to the end of the digestive system, our anuses.

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Answer details

Grade:  9

Subject:  biology

Chapter:  Digestion

Keywords:  Digestion

The true statement from all the given options is (B) digestion begins outside the cells.

Further Explanation-

Digestion is the process of action of enzymes and physical force exerted by the digestive system which results in chemical and physical breaking of the food consumed.

There are two types of digestion extracellular and intracellular digestion. Extracellular digestion is the process by which the cells secrete a type of enzyme which helps to digest the food outside the cell. While intracellular digestion is the process by which breakdown of food molecules occurs inside the cell cytoplasm.

If digestive system is to be classified they can be identified into two types,

A. Incomplete Digestive system.

B. Complete Digestive system.

Incomplete digestive system is the one which consists of a single opening for both ingestion of food and excretion of the waste particles.

While on the other hand complete digestion consists of a tube that has two openings, one for ingestion and the other for excretion of the waste products.

In humans the digestion is generally extracellular as the cells associated with our digestive system is secretive in function. These cells secrete enzymes which help in the digestion of the food ingested. As the process occurs in the lumen of our digestive system it is termed as extracellular.

Food is ingested at the start of the digestive system that is mouth. This food passes through the digestive tract wherein the secretion of enzymes brings about the digestion of the food. At last the waste undigested food makes it way out through anus.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Human physiology

Keywords:

Digestion, ingestion, assimilation, enzymes, secretion, mouth, anus, rectum, esophagus, physiology, incomplete digestion, complete digestion, excretion, intracellular digestion, extracellular digestion, lumen.