b. debt
c. savings
d. money
The correct option is d. All of the above are characteristics of debt financing. Debt financing refers to raising funds by borrowing money, often from banks or other financial institutions. When a company borrows money, it must make regular payments on the loan, which reduces its net income.
Debt financing also increases the return to equity holders, as the cost of debt is generally lower than the cost of equity. When a company takes on debt, it increases its leverage, which means it has a higher level of debt relative to equity.
While debt financing can provide a company with access to funds that it may not have been able to raise otherwise, it also comes with risks. If a company takes on too much debt, it can become difficult to make payments, which can lead to financial distress or bankruptcy.
Therefore, it is important for companies to carefully consider their debt levels and ability to make payments before taking on debt financing. The correct option is d.
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b) supply curve will shift upward by the amount of the tax.
c) equilibrium quantity demanded will increase relative to the pretax level.
d) demand curve will shift downward by the amount of the tax.
Answer:
D) demand curve will shift downward by the amount of the tax.
Explanation:
An excise tax is a tax levied on specific goods or services, e.g. gas tax.
This tax will have a similar effect on the quantity demanded as a price increase. But instead of shifting the equilibrium point with the demand curve, it will shift the whole demand curve to the left. This leftward shift will reduce the quantity demanded at every price level, which in turn will lower the equilibrium price.
This tax will hurt both consumers and suppliers since it reduces the number of units sold and it increases the price of the cars.