b. insertion mutations can only be silent mutations.
c. insertion mutations can affect many amino acids in the protein.
d. insertion mutations are chromosomal mutations?
The study of cells is called cell biology. There are two types of a cell on the basis of their number and these are unicellular and multicellular.
The correct answer to the question is option C that is insertion mutations can affect many amino acids in the protein.
The formation of protein is called translation. This addition of genes changes the sequence of RNA which alters the protein formation while in point mutation it changes only one amino acid.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.
For more information about the transcription, refer to the link:-
The question is incomplete, below is the complete question.
Polydactyly is a rare autosomal dominant trait that is 80% penetrant. What is the chance that a child born to an affected father and a normal mother will have the disorder?
Assume the paternal grandfather is normal.
I will use P to encode polydactyl as it is dominant and use p allele to encode normal phenotype
P= Polydactyl
p= Normal
From what is given in the question,the paternal grandfather is normal and that means that the father of the child receives one wild type allele from the paternal grandfather, however,the father is affected with the disease,hence the genotype is A a but the mother being normal will have the genotype of aa.
That is Parents;
Father Aa × Mother aa
Gametes a a A Aa ( P ) Aa ( P )
a aa ( p ) aa ( p )
So if it is 100% penetrant, that implies that the chances of the affected child is;
(2/4 ) ×100=50%
However, only 80% penetrant is given here,so that is why the chances of the affected is then ; (50/100) ×(80/100) ×100= 40%
That means the affected child chances are 40%.
Polydactyly is a rare autosomal dominant trait with 80% penetrance.
Polydactyly is a rare autosomal dominant trait that is 80% penetrant. This means that if a person carries the genetic mutation for polydactyly, there is an 80% chance that they will express the trait. Therefore, if the father is affected by polydactyly (carries the gene) and the mother is normal (does not carry the gene), each child they have has a 50% chance of inheriting the gene from the father and a 50% chance of inheriting the normal gene from the mother.
However, if a child inherits the gene for polydactyly from the father, there is an 80% chance that they will express the trait, meaning they will have the disorder. On the other hand, if the child inherits the normal gene from the mother, they will not have the disorder.
Learn more about Polydactyly here:
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O Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
O Mitochondria
Answer:
Mitochondria
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Answer:
yes
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Strength: The strength range must include 2-6 sets, repetitions should be less than or equal to six, resistance must be offered for 2-5 minutes.
Muscular endurance: The muscular endurance must include repetitions of 12-16 and resistance must be increased by 5% by each repeat.
Muscular power: The sets must be 3-5 times with repeats of 1-2 times and resistance must also be provided.
Hypertrophy: The sets of repeats must be 6-12 times. The resistance must be offered for 30-90 seconds.
What phenotypic ratio would you expect as a result of a test cross between a dihybrid organism and one that is homozygous recessive for alleles at two independent loci?
a. 3:1
b. 9:3:3:1
c. 1:1:1:1
d. 1:2:1
e. 9:4:2:1
Answer:
c. 1:1:1:1
Explanation:
When a heterozygous individual for two genes is test crossed with a double homozygous recessive individual, the progeny is obtained in 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio. This occurs as the heterozygous dominant individual forms four types of gametes in 1:1:1:1 ratio while the homozygous recessive individual would form only one type of gamete having one recessive allele for each gene.
For example, a test cross between TtRr (tall and red) and ttrr (short and white) would produce a progeny in following ratio=
1 tall, red: 1 tall, white: 1 short, red: 1 short, white
Here, T= tall, t= short, R= red, r= white