Answer:
The strength of a bond depends on the amount of overlap between the two orbitals of the bonding atoms
Orbitals bond in the directions in which they protrude or point to obtain maximum overlap
Explanation:
The valence bond theory was proposed by Linus Pauling. Compounds are firmed by overlap of atomic orbitals to attain a favourable overlap integral. The better the overlap integral (extent of overlap) the better or stringer the covalent bond.
Orbitals overlap in directions which ensure a maximum overlap of atomic orbitals in the covalent bond.
Answer:
THE STRENGTH OF THE BOND DEPENDS ON THE AMOUNT OF OVERLAP BETWEEN THE TWO ORBITALS OF THE BONDING ATOMS
ORBITALS BOND IN THE DIRECTION OR POINT IN WHICH THEY PROTRUDE OR POINT TO OBTAIN MAXIMUM OVERLAP.
Explanation:
Valence bond theory describes the covalent bond as the overlap of half-filled atomic orbital yields a pair of electrons shared between the two bonded atoms. Overlapping of orbitals occurs when a portion of one orbital and the other occur in the same region of space. The strength of a bond is determined by the amount of overlap between the two orbitals of the bonding atoms. In other words, orbitals that overlap more and in the right orientation of maximum overlapping form stronger bonds that those with less overlap and right orientation for maximum overlap. The bonding occurs at a varying distance in different atoms from which it obtains its stable energy caused by the increase in the attraction of nuclei for the electrons.
Orbitals also bond in the direction to obtain maximum overlap as orientation of the atoms also affect overlap. The greater overlap occurs when atoms are oriented on a direct line mostly end to end or side by side between the two nuclei depending on the type of bond formed. A sigma bond is formed when atoms overlap end to end in which a straight line exists between the two atoms that is the internuclear axis indicating the concentrated energy density in that region. Pi bond exits in when overlap occurs in the side -to -side orientation and the energy density is concentrated opposite the internuclear axis.
Answer:
Check the explanation
Explanation:
Kindly check the attached image below for the step by step explanation to the question above.
Answer:
The statements that describe Mg are:
1. is very reactive as a metal
2. forms a basic solution in water
3. is found in nature only combined with other elements
Explanation:
Magnesium is a s-block chemical element that belongs to group 2 and period 3 of the periodic table. It is a reactive alkaline earth metal that exists in nature only in the combined state with elements such as carbon, calcium and oxygen.
Magnesium reacts with water at room temperature, to give strongly basic metal oxide of the formula, MgO, which forms a basic solution in water.
It also reacts vigorously with halogens such as chlorine and bromine, to form salts.
Magnesium is a highly reactive alkaline earth metal that forms a basic solution in water and can react vigorously with alkali metals to form salts. It consists of diatomic molecules in its elemental form.
Magnesium is one of the alkaline earth metals, which are found in Group 2 of the periodic table. It is a highly reactive metal that forms a basic solution in water and can react vigorously with alkali metals to form salts. Magnesium also consists of diatomic molecules in its elemental form. However, it is not one of the least reactive elements; rather, it is one of the more reactive elements in Group 2.
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Answer:
0.2320V
Explanation:
Voltage can be defined as the amount of potential energy available (work to be done) per unit charge, to move charges through a conductor.
Voltage can be generated by means other than rubbing certain types of materials against each other.
Please look at attached file for solution to the problem.
The expected voltage generated by this concentration cell is approximately 0.113 V.
To calculate the voltage generated by the concentration cell, we can use the Nernst equation. The Nernst equation relates the concentration of the ions in the two compartments to the voltage of the cell. The equation is:
E = E° - (RT/nF) ln(Q)
Where:
The reaction quotient (Q) can be calculated using the concentrations of the lead (II) and iodide ions in each compartment.
Since this is a concentration cell, the standard cell potential (E°) for this system is 0 V. Therefore, the equation simplifies to:
E = - (RT/nF) ln(Q)
Now we can calculate the voltage:
The solubility product constant (Ksp) for PbI2 is 1.4 x 10-8. Because PbI2 is in a saturated solution, the concentration of Pb2+ ions and I- ions are both equal to the solubility of PbI2. We can substitute these values into the equation to calculate Q:
Q = [Pb²+] x [I-]
Q = (1.4 x 10-8) x (1.4 x 10-8) = 1.96 x 10-16
Now we can calculate the voltage using the given values:
For the Nernst equation, we need to convert the temperature to Kelvin:
T = 25°C + 273 = 298 K
Substitute the values into the equation:
E = - (8.314 J/mol·K x 298 K / 2 x 96,485 C/mol) ln(1.96 x 10-16)
E ≈ 0.113 V
Therefore, the expected voltage generated by this concentration cell is approximately 0.113 V.
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