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Barium (Ba) has the lowest first ionization energy among the given elements of group 2. Therefore, option (4) is correct.

What is ionization energy?

The ionization energy is the minimum amount of energy that is required to knock out an electron in a gaseous atom or ion. Ionization energy can also be used to estimate the strength of chemical bonds and is measured in units of electronvolts or kJ/mol.

Alkaline earth elements can lose both valence electrons to attain a noble gas configuration. So, these elements have two ionization energies. 1st ionization energy of alkaline earth metals is the energy required to remove the first electron from the neutral atom.

With increasing atomic size down the group, the valence electron gets shielded by the inner electrons. So they can easily be removed with less energy. Hence the first ionization energy of group 2 elements decreases with an increase in the atomic number or atomic size.

Therefore, Barium has the lowest first ionization energy.

Learn more about ionization energy, here:

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Answer: you cannot find its new volume by using these known values and Boyle's law because the temperature does not remain constant.

Explanation:

Boyle's law states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas, at a constant temperature, varies inversely with the pressure.

So, it is a condition that the temperature does not change.

For the wheater ballon case, as it travels through the atmosphere, the temperature at different altitudes will be different.

So, you might use other equation of states, such as the combined law, which does deal with changes in the three variables: volume, pressure, and temperature.

The mathematical formulation of Boyle's law is:

pV = constanjt ⇒ p₁ V₁ = p₂ V₂, at constant T.

The mathematical formulation of the combined law of gases is:

pV/T = constant ⇒ p₁ V₁ / T₁ = p₂ V₂ / T₂, for a fixed amount of gas, then it might work for the weather ballon (if you know the initial and end temperatures).

You cannot find the new volume by using initial volume of the weather balloon and air pressure ai its initial and final altitudes and Boyle’s law because the given values are not the same. Boyle’s law holds for the pressure and volume of the GAS at constant temperature. Here you are given the air pressure outside the weather balloon not the inside of the balloon. They have different gases and so it would not apply.

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