Answer: increase understanding not only of the construction of individual genes but also of their relation to each other and to the entire chromosomal structure.
Explanation: The Human Genome Project is using primarily three levels of maps, each of which helps to increase understanding not only of the construction of individual genes but also of their relation to each other and to the entire chromosomal structure.
A disadvantage of genetic engineering is reduced effectiveness of pesticides due to the development of resistance among pests. Genetic engineering can also have unintended environmental effects and raise ethical concerns.
A disadvantage of using genetic engineering is that it can lead to reduced effectiveness of pesticides. The introduction of genetically modified crops can result in the development of resistance among pests, making the pesticides less effective over time. For example, the widespread use of genetically modified Bt crops has led to the evolution of Bt-resistant insects.
Additionally, genetic engineering can have unintended effects on the environment and non-target organisms. For instance, genetically modified crops may produce toxins that harm beneficial insects, birds, or other animals.
Furthermore, there can be ethical concerns associated with genetic engineering. Some people oppose the manipulation of genes in living organisms and argue that it goes against the natural order of things.
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The lactate dehydrogenase enzyme carries the lactic acid fermentation.
Lactic acid fermentation may be defined as a process through which muscle cells and bacterial species like Lactobacillus oxidize NADH by transforming pyruvate into lactate.
The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase carries the conversion of pyruvate into lactate. It involves the oxidation of NADH.
During this anaerobic process, ATP is produced in an average amount which provides the energy to muscle cells in oxygen-deficient conditions.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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Answer:
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH or LD) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells. LDH catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate and back, as it converts NAD+ to NADH and back. This is how it allows glycolysis to continue.
Answer:
Valerius Cordus