CHEMISTRY HIGH SCHOOL

Which of the following steps is important to critical thinking?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer:

utilizing facts

Explanation:

Answer 2

Answer: Critical thinking helps you come up with solutions to problems.

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A substance has a triple point at -24.5 ∘C and 225 mmHg. What is most likely to happen to a solid sample of the substance as it is warmed from -35 ∘C to 0 ∘C at a pressure of 220 mmHg? A substance has a triple point at -24.5 and 225 . What is most likely to happen to a solid sample of the substance as it is warmed from -35 to 0 at a pressure of 220 ? The solid will melt into a liquid, The solid will sublime into a gas, or Nothing (the solid will remain as a solid).

How many atoms are there in 90.2 grams of selenium?

Answers

First calculate the moles of selenium by multiplying the mass x molar mass
90.2 × 78.96 = 7122.2 moles

Number of moles multiplied by avogadros number gives number of atoms
7122.2 × 6.022 × 10^{23} = 4.289×10^{27} atoms

A solution of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, is titrated withpotassium permanganate, KMnO4, according to the following equation: 5H2O2 + 2KMnO4
+ 3H2SO4 = 5O2 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + K2SO4. It requires 46.0 mL of 0.145 Mol/L
KMnO4 to titrate 50.0 mL of the solution of H2O2. What is the mole per liter
concentration of H2O2 in the solution?

Answers

5H2O2 + 2KMnO4+ 3H2SO4 = 5O2 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + K2SO4

0,145 moles of KMnO4----------in--------1000ml
x moles of KMnO4---------------in------------46ml
x = 0,00667 moles of KMnO4

according to the reaction:
2 moles of KMnO4------------------5 moles of H2O2
0,00667 moles of KMnO4----------------x
x = 0,01668 moles of H2O2

0,01668 moles of H2O2---------in-----------50ml
x moles of H2O2--------------------in----------1000ml
x = 0,334 mol/L H2O2

If a sodium atom lost one of its electrons and a chlorine atom gained it, what kind of bond would be formed between sodium and chlorine?a. ionic
b. valence
c. metallic
d. covalent

Answers

This would be an ionic bond. Ionic bonds form between metals and nonmetals due to the relatively large different in electronegativities where nonmetals are more electronegative than metals. This difference in electronegativities makes it so that the metal gives up the electron to make an octet and the nonmetal gains the electron to make an octet (there is no sharing of the electron). The metal becomes a cation while the nonmetal becomes a anion and their opposite electric charges keep them together.

I hope this helps let me know in the comments if anything is unclear.

With no doubt, this type of bond would be ionic.

An ionic bond is when we transfer electrons. This means that the atoms would gain a charge.

Na+Cl- would be the resulting compound because:-

Na (sodium) loses : which means it would GAIN a positive charge.

Cl (chlorine) gains: which means it GAINS a negative charge.

What are the five branches of Earth Science?

Answers

Answer:

The following are the give branches of earth science

a) geology

b) oceanography

c) meteorology and climatology

d) environmental science

e) astronomy

Explanation:

a) geology: The study of earth as solid entity.

b) oceanography: study of oceans

c) meteorology and climatology: it deals with the study of atmosphere, the weather conditions, hurricanes etc, humidity, rainfall, etc.

d) environmental science: it deals with the study of environment, the impact of anthropogenic activities on environment.

e) astronomy: it is the study of outer space and the physical bodies beyond our planet, like study of moon etc.

Final answer:

Earth Science encompasses five main branches: Geology, Meteorology, Hydrology, Astronomy, and Environmental Science. Each one focuses on a specific aspect of the Earth's system and the understanding of how they interact and affect each other.

Explanation:

The Earth Science is a broad field that explores the interrelationships between physical and biological components of the Earth. It can be subdivided into five main branches:

Geology: the study of solid Earth and the processes that have shaped it over time.
Meteorology: the study of the Earth’s atmosphere, weather, and climate.
Hydrology: the study of water in all its forms (ice, water, vapor) on Earth's surface, underground and in the atmosphere.
Astronomy: the science of celestial bodies and the universe beyond Earth’s atmosphere.
Environmental Science: the study of the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment, including the impacts of humans on nature.

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Question 1 (1 point) In this analogy, adding more students is analogous to:

Question 1 options:

Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.

Adding more particles of reactants.

Adding a chemical catalyst.

Increasing the temperature of the reaction.

Question 2 (1 point)
In this analogy, shrinking the hallways is analogous to:

Question 2 options:

Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.

Adding more particles of reactants.

Adding a chemical catalyst.

Increasing the temperature of the reaction.

Question 3 (1 point)
chemical catalyst helps change the rate of a chemical reaction by

Question 3 options:

Adding more reactants

Decreasing the activation energy

Increasing the activation energy

Adding more products

Question 4 (1 point)
In this analogy, shortening the passing periods is analogous to:

Question 4 options:

Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.

Adding more particles of reactants.

Adding a chemical catalyst.

Increasing the temperature of the reaction.

Question 5 (1 point)
In this analogy, hiring a matchmaker is analogous to:

Question 5 options:

Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.

Adding more particles of reactants.

Adding a chemical catalyst.

Increasing the temperature of the reaction.

Question 6 (1 point)
What are two conditions that must be met in order for a chemical reaction to take place?

Question 6 options:

Collisions with the proper orientation

Sufficient activation energy

Appropriate coefficient of friction

Both A and B

Both B and C

Answers

Answer:D - adding a catalyst

Explanation:

Final answer:

In this analogy, adding more students is analogous to adding more particles of reactants in a chemical reaction. Shrinking the hallways is analogous to decreasing the volume of the reaction container. A chemical catalyst helps change the rate of a chemical reaction by decreasing the activation energy.

Explanation:

Question 1: Adding more students in this analogy is analogous to adding more particles of reactants in a chemical reaction. Just like adding more students can increase the amount of activity and interactions in a classroom, adding more particles of reactants can increase the collision frequency and hence the reaction rate.

Question 2: Shrinking the hallways in this analogy is analogous to decreasing the volume of the reaction container in a chemical reaction. Just like shrinking the hallways restricts the movement of students, decreasing the volume of the reaction container restricts the movement of particles and increases the collision frequency.

Question 3: A chemical catalyst helps change the rate of a chemical reaction by decreasing the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. It provides an alternate reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, allowing more particles to have sufficient energy to react.

Question 4: Shortening the passing periods in this analogy is analogous to increasing the temperature of the reaction in a chemical reaction. Just like shortening the passing periods allows students to move faster and increases their chances of colliding, increasing the temperature of the reaction increases the kinetic energy of particles and enhances their collision frequency.

Question 5: Hiring a matchmaker in this analogy is analogous to adding a chemical catalyst in a chemical reaction. Just as a matchmaker facilitates the meeting of compatible people, a chemical catalyst facilitates the reaction between reactant particles, increasing the reaction rate.

Question 6: Two conditions that must be met for a chemical reaction to take place are collisions with the proper orientation and sufficient activation energy. Collisions between reactant particles must occur with the proper orientation to enable the formation of new chemical bonds, and these collisions must also have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier.

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Which physical change is endothermic?(1) CO2(s)-->CO2(g) (3) CO2(g)-->CO2(l)
(2) CO2(l)-->CO2(s) (4) CO2(g)-->CO2(s)

Answers

Answer: The correct option is 1.

Explanation:Endothermic reactions are the reactions in which heat is provided to break down the reactant molecules.

In option 1:

The stronger intermolecular forces between the particles in solid molecule are broken down to convert into gaseous form. Hence, some energy in the form of heat is provided to move them far apart. Therefore, it is considered as an endothermic reaction.

In option 2, 3 and 4:

All the other processes involves the formation of bonds and thus there is no need to provide any energy.

The physical change that is endothermic is $\boxed{\left( 1 \right){\text{ C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( s \right) \to {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( g \right)}$ .

Further explanation:

Changes are of two types:

(A) Physical changes:

It is the process in which the physical properties of the system are affected. These changes can also be reversed by physical methods. In these kinds of changes, the molecular composition of the substance remains the same. These are reversible in nature and no new substances are formed. For example, boiling of water, chopping of wood, melting of wax are physical changes.

(B) Chemical changes:

In this change, new substances are formed by the chemical combination of the previous substances. The chemical properties of substance changes when it undergoes a chemical change. These are irreversible in nature. For example, fermentation of grapes, burning of wood, rusting of iron are chemical changes.

Endothermic reactions are those in which more energy needs to be supplied to the system than that released by it.

Exothermic reactions are those in which more energy is released by the system than that supplied to it.

(1) ${\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( s \right) \to {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( g \right)$

In this reaction, solid carbon dioxide is converted into gaseous carbon dioxide. The strong intermolecular force of attraction in solid needs to be broken down and energy is supplied for this purpose. Hence this is an endothermic process.

(2) ${\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( l \right) \to {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( s \right)$

In this reaction, liquid carbon dioxide is converted into solid carbon dioxide. The intermolecular forces in liquid molecules are weaker than that present in solid molecules and are broken down easily so energy is released during the process. Hence this is an exothermic process.

(3) ${\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( g \right) \to {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( l \right)$

In this reaction, gaseous carbon dioxide is converted into liquid carbon dioxide. The intermolecular forces in gas molecules are weaker than that present in liquid molecules and are broken down easily so energy is released during the process. Hence this is an exothermic process.

(4) ${\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( g \right) \to {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\left( s \right)$

In this reaction, gaseous carbon dioxide is converted into solid carbon dioxide. The intermolecular forces in gas molecules are weaker than that present in solid molecules and are broken down easily so energy is released during the process. Hence this is an exothermic process.

Learn more:

1. Which of these is an extensive property? brainly.com/question/1398514

2. Which of the phase changes is an exothermic change? brainly.com/question/1875234

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Physical and chemical changes

Keywords: physical change, chemical change, CO2, endothermic, exothermic, solid, liquid, gaseous, intermolecular forces, strong, weaker.

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