IE1(Rb) = 397.5
BE(Cl2) = 226
deltaHf(RbCl) = -431
Electron Affinity Cl = -332
a. -53.7
b. +53.7
C. -695
d. -808
e. +808
Answer:
Option C
Explanation:
The chemical reactions which are involved while solving this problem is there in the file attached and each chemical reaction is represented by a certain equation number
Lattice energy for rubidium chloride ( RbCl) is represented by the equation 6
Equation 1 represents the change in enthalpy for formation of RbCl
Equation 2 represents the sublimation reaction of rubidium
Equation 3 represents the ionization enthalpy of rubidium
Equation 4 represents the enthalpy of atomization of chlorine which means it describes the bond enthalpy of Cl2 molecule
Equation 5 represents the electron affinity of chlorine
To find the lattice energy for RbCl we have to use all the equations from 1 to 5 so that at last we get the equation 6
We have to perform operations such as
Equation 1 - equation 2 - equation 3 - equation 4 - equation 5
By performing these operations the intermediate compounds gets cancelled and at last we get equation 6
So Equation 1 ≡ ΔH = -431 kJ/mol
Equation 2 ≡ Rb(s) ---> Rb(g) = 85.8 kJ/mol
Equation 3 ≡ IE1(Rb) = 397.5 kJ/mol
Equation 4 ≡ BE(Cl2) = 226 kJ/mol
Equation 5 ≡ Electron Affinity Cl = -332 kJ/mol
Value corresponding to the equation 6 will be the value of lattice energy of RbCl and the value is -695·3 kJ/mol
∴ Lattice energy for rubidium chloride is approximately -695 kJ/mol
The lattice energy for rubidium chloride (RbCl) is calculated by substituting the given values into the equation derived from Hess's Law. The calculated lattice energy is found to be -695 kJ/mol.
In this question, you are asked to select the lattice energy for rubidium chloride (RbCl). The lattice energy can be calculated using various given energies including enthalpy of formation (ΔHf), electron affinity (Cl), enthalpy of sublimation, ionization energy, and bond dissociation energy. Using Hess's Law, this can be summed up as:
ΔHf(RbCl) = [Sublimation Energy (Rb) + Ionization Energy (Rb) + 0.5 × Bond Energy (Cl₂) + Electron Affinity (Cl)] - Lattice Energy (RbCl)
By rearranging this formula, we find that the Lattice Energy (RbCl) = [Sublimation Energy (Rb) + Ionization Energy (Rb) + 0.5 × Bond Energy (Cl₂) + Electron Affinity (Cl)] - ΔHf(RbCl). Substituting in the given values, we find the lattice energy to be -695 kJ/mol. Therefore, the correct option is C. -695.
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Answer:
Lead
Explanation:
One that I know is lead.
Isotopes refer to different forms of the same element having identical number of protons but varying number of neutrons. Examples of isotopes with equal number of protons and neutrons include Carbon-12 and Deuterium. These isotopes, including the unstable ones termed as 'radioactive isotopes', contribute significantly to an element's atomic mass.
Isotopes are alternate forms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. When an isotope has the same number of protons and neutrons, it can be found in lighter elements such as carbon and hydrogen. A good example is the isotope Carbon-12 (with six protons and six neutrons) which is a common isotope of carbon found on Earth. Another example is Hydrogen-2 or Deuterium (with one proton and one neutron). This is because the number of protons (also known as the atomic number) identifies an element - regardless of the number of neutrons.
The presence of isotopes is important in elements as they contribute to the overall atomic mass and affect the behavior of the element. For instance, radioactive isotopes, such as Carbon-14, are unstable and can emit subatomic particles or energy to attain a lower potential energy state, which explains why they're used in radioactive dating methods.
It's worth noting that the number of neutrons in an atom can vary and is not necessarily equal to the number of protons, especially in heavier elements.
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