The concept of an ideal gas is used to explain(1) the mass of a gas sample(2) the behavior of a gas sample(3) why some gases are monatomic(4) why some gases are diatomic

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: Ideal gas is used to explain the behavior of a gas sample. In ideal gas law, the equation is PV=nRT where R has a constant of 0.0821L.atm/mol.K. It can explain the behaviior of a gas in three types: mole, mass and density. The ideal gas often observed in a high temperature with low pressure as to potential energy becomes less significant compared to the kinetic energy.

Answer 2

Answer:

Final answer:

The concept of an ideal gas is chiefly used to explain the behavior of a gas sample according to the ideal gas law. It's not primarily used to determine the mass of a gas sample, or whether a gas is monatomic or diatomic.

Explanation:

The concept of an ideal gas is primarily used to explain the behavior of a gas sample. An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of randomly moving, non-interacting point particles. It follows the ideal gas law which is PV=nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature. The ideal gas law allows us to predict how a gas will behave under different conditions of pressure, volume, and temperature.

The mass of a gas sample is inherently tied to the moles of gas, per the molar mass concept in the ideal gas law. As for whether a gas is monatomic or diatomic, this depends on the atomic structure and bonding of the specific gas species, and not the ideal gas concept itself.

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A crucible contains 6.4 g of copper, Cu. How many moles does this amount contain? [Given: Cu=64]

Answers

Use this formula:
Mass = moles x RFM

(RFM = Relative Formula Mass, or the total mass of a substance or element for example Cu=64)

Rearrange the formula to find the number of moles
Moles = mass/RFM
=6.4/64
= 0.1

The effective nuclear charge for an atom is less than the actual nuclear charge due toA) shielding.
B) penetration.
C) paramagnetism.
D) electron-pair repulsion.
E) relativity

Answers

Answer:

A = shielding.

Explanation:

The addition of electron causes the atomic size increase from top to bottom due to increase in atomic number.

As the atomic number increased one more electron is added and because of this electron on more electronic shell is added. Thus the electron become more away from the nucleus as many of other electrons are present in the way from nucleus to the outer electrons.

The hold of nucleus becomes weaker. Although nuclear charge is also increased but at the same time other electrons shield the respective electrons. So effective nuclear charge is weaker than the actual nuclear charge.

Because of this shielding it is easy to remove the electrons or we can say ionization energy decreases.

Here, we are required to determine why the effective nuclear charge for an atom is less than the actual nuclear charge.

The correct answer is Choice A: Shielding

First, we must know that the effective nuclearcharge is the net positive charge exerted on the negatively charged Valence electrons by the nucleus.

The concept of shielding is best used to explain why electrons are easier to remove in biggeratoms, i.e atoms with larger atomic radius.

The bigger an atom is, the farther are it's Valence electrons from the positively charged nucleus.

The concept above is due to the presence of other electrons in shells between the Valence electron and the nucleus.

The shielding effect of these electrons therefore, reduce the nuclear charge that is felt by the valence electrons and ultimately, the effective nuclear charge is less than the actual nuclear charge.

P.S: The more shielding, the lower is the effective nuclear charge on Valence electrons.

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Beth has a one-day-old baby daughter. When Beth puts her finger in the baby’s hand, the baby grasps her finger. Which statement best describes why the baby grasps Beth’s finger?A.) The baby’s reflex to grab is an innate behavior.
B.) The baby’s visual memory recognizes Beth’s finger.
C.) The baby is a day old and has learned to reach for Beth.
D.) The baby’s homeostatic response is to touch objects that are warm

Answers

The statement which statement best describes why the baby grasps Beth’s finger is that it is a reflex to grab is an innate behavior.

What is reflex?

In biology, a reflex, or reflex action, is an involuntary, unplanned sequence or action and nearly instantaneous response to a stimulus.

The simplest reflex is initiated by a stimulus, which activates an afferent nerve. The signal is then passed to a response neuron, which generates a response.

Reflexes are found with varying levels of complexity in organisms with a nervous system. A reflex occurs via neural pathways in the nervous system called reflex arcs. A stimulus initiates a neural signal, which is carried to a synapse. The signal is then transferred across the synapse to a motor neuron, which evokes a target response. These neural signals do not always travel to the brain,so many reflexes are an automatic response to a stimulus that does not receive or need conscious thought.

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Answer:

The baby`s reflex to grab is an innate behavior.

It`s not B because if the baby is 1 day old it`s not going to 'remember'.

It`s not C because it hasn`t really 'learned' anything.

It`s not D because babies can`t sense heat like a snake or something. -_-

Hope that helps

I also love the pfp

Calculate the wavelength, in nanometers, of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom when its electron falls from the n = 7 to the n = 4 principal energy level. Recall that the energy levels of the H atom are given by En = –2.18 × 10–18 J(1/n2)

Answers

Answer:

The wavelength of the light emitted by electron fall will be 216.62 nm.

Explanation:

The change in the energy state of the matter can be obtained from the principal quantum number of the shells.

Energy of 4th shell - Energy of 7th shell = $\rm \Delta$ E

$\Delta$ E = $\rm 2.18\;*\;10^-^1^8\;J\;\left ( (1)/(n_f^2) \;-\;(1)/(n_i^2) \right )$

$\rm \Delta\;E\;=\;-2.18\;*\;10^-^1^8\;\left ((1)/(4^2) \;-\;(1)/(7^2) \right )$

$\rm \Delta\;E\;=\;-2.18\;*\;10^-^1^8\;*\;0.0421$

$\rm \Delta\;E\;=\;0.0917\;*\;10^-^1^8$ J

The wavelength can be calculated as:

$\rm \Delta\;E\;=\;(hc)/(\lambda)$

where, h is Plank's constant,

c is speed of light

$\lambda$ is the wavelength

$\rm 0.0917\;*\;10^-^1^8\;J\;=\;(6.626\;*\;10^-^3^4\;J.s\;*\;2.998\;*\;10^8\;m/s)/(\lambda)$

$\rm\lambda\;=\;216.62nm$ .

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Answer:

The wavelength of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom for the given transition is 2166 nm.

Explanation:

The energy of nth energy levels of the H atom is given as:

$E_n = -2.18 * 10^(-18) * (1)/(n^2) J$

Energy of the seventh energy level = $E_7$

$E_7=-2.18 * 10^(-18) * (1)/(7^2) J$

$E_7=-2.18 * 10^(-18) * (1)/(7^2) J=-4.4490* 10^(-20) J$

Energy of the seventh energy level = $E_4$

$E_4=-2.18 * 10^(-18) * (1)/(4^2) J$

$E_4=-2.18 * 10^(-18) * (1)/(16) J=-1.3625* 10^(-19) J$

Energy of the light emitted will be equal to the energy difference of the both levels.

$E=E_7-E_4=-4.4490* 10^(-20) J-(-1.3625* 10^(-19) J)$

$E=9.176* 10^(-20) J$

Wavelength corresponding to energy E can be calculated by using Planck's equation:

$E=(hc)/(\lambda )$

$\lambda =(hc)/(E)=(6.626* 10^(-34) Js* 3* 10^8 m/s)/(9.176* 10^(-20) J)=2.166* 10^(-6) m=2166 nm$

The wavelength of the light emitted by a hydrogen atom for the given transition is 2166 nm.

If ΔH = -50.0 kJ and ΔS = -0.300 kJ/K , the reaction is spontaneous below a certain temperature. Calculate that temperature.

Answers

The basis for spontaneous reactions and their dependence on temperature is given by the equation for the Gibbs Free energy:

ΔG = ΔH – TΔS < 0

For a spontaneous reaction to occur, ΔG must be negative. Following the equation, ΔH must be < 0, and ΔS must be > 0 for a reaction to be spontaneous at all temperatures. However, the given values have a negative value for both enthalpy and entropy. This means that spontaneity can only occur below a certain temperature, which can be calculate by setting ΔG as zero. This gives:

ΔG = ΔH – TΔS = 0

T = ΔH/ΔS = -50/-0.3 = 166.67 Kelvin

Anything below that temperature gives a negative ΔG, making it spontaneous.

Final answer:

The reaction is spontaneous at temperatures greater than 166.7 K.

Explanation:

To determine the temperature at which the reaction is spontaneous, we can calculate the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) using the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the enthalpy change and ΔS is the entropy change. Since the reaction is spontaneous below a certain temperature, we can assume that at this temperature, ΔG is negative. Thus, we have -50.0 kJ - T(-0.300 kJ/K) < 0. Solving for T, we find that the reaction is spontaneous at temperatures greater than 166.7 K.

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2 How many
molecules of water are
there in 1g of water CH₂)

Answers

Answer:

3.3345 x 10^22

The molar mass of the water molecule is 18 g/mol. It implies that 1 mol of water molecules weigh 18 g.

Now you can calculate easily the number of water molecules present in 1 g of water. Calculation follows

18 g of water contains 1 mol of water molecules.

or 18 g of water contains 6.022 x 10^23 water molecules.

or 1 g of water contains (6.022 x 10^23)/ 18 water molecules and the number comes out to be 3.3455 x 10^22.

So the number of water molecules present in 1 g of water is 3.3455 x 10^22.

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Hope this helps you

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