CHEMISTRY HIGH SCHOOL

Which definitions of acids can apply to substances?

Answers

Answer 1
Answer: *Acids taste sour. The lemon, vinegar, tamarind contain acids; that's why they are sour.

*The acids change the color of certain substances called indicators. The indicators have the property of changing color as the character acid or basic solutions. The litmus and phenolphthalein are indicators of acids and bases. The solution of phenolphthalein is colorless red in the presence of an acid. Already the blue litmus paper turns red.

*The acids react with bases to form salts and water. This reaction is called neutralization reaction.
hope this helps!

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How many electrons can exist in the second shell surrounding an atomic nucleus?A. 1 or 2
B. 1 to 8
C. more than 8
D. It depends on what the element is.

Answers

It depends on what the element is. But the maximum number of electrons an atom can hold for its second shell is 8

If a neutral atom has a mass of 12 amu and an atomic number of 5, determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom.

Answers

Answer:

Number of neutrons = 7

The number of protons = The number of electrons = 5

Explanation:

Atomic number : It is defined as the number of electrons or number of protons present in a neutral atom.

However, when we talk about the atomic number of the ion, it is not equal to the number of electrons as electron can be gained or loosed.

This is why, more appropriately, the number of the protons which are present in the nucleus of the atom is called the atomic number.

Thus, atomic number = 5

Since, it is a neutral atom, The number of protons = The number of electrons = 5

Mass number is the number of the entities present in the nucleus which is the equal to the sum of the number of protons and electrons.

Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

12 =  5 + Number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = 7
Mass number = total protons + neutrons, and proton number = total protons (and therefore electrons, if not an ion.) Therefore: Neutrons = 12 - 5 = 7 Protons = 5 Electrons = 5

in a collosion 15 kg object moving with a velocity of 3 m.s transfers all of its momentum to a 5 kg object. what would be the velocity of the 5 kg object after the collosion

Answers

P=mv
1st object- 45kg*m/s
45=5v
V=9m/s
The velocity if the second object is 9 meters per second

Solid samples of the element phosphorus can be white, black, or red in color. The variations in color are due to different(1) atomic masses
(2) molecular structures
(3) ionization energies
(4) nuclear charges

Answers

Answer:

Due to molecular structures.

Explanation:

The different forms of phosphorus (white, black or red) are allotropes of phosphorus.

They differ in molecular structures.

White phosphorus: It has four phosphorus which form a tetrahedral shape.

Black phosphorus : It has orthorhombic structure and due to interlinked six membered rings, it is least reactive.

Red phosphorus: It is formed on heating white phosphorus. It is initially amorphus and turns crystalline on further heating.
Solid samples of the element phosphorus can be white, black, or red in color. The variations in color are due to different Molecular structures.

Is Squeezing oranges to make orange juice a chemical or physical change?

Answers

This would be a physical change because despite the fact the juice has been squeezed out of it, the orange is still an orange. A physical change is when something changes matter, like a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas. Since it's been changed from a solid orange to liquid juice, it's a physical change.

Hope I helped! :)
squeezing just the juices out of the orange, like with your hand or whatever you use, is a physical change. yes :)

An igneous rock originally has 3 grams of uranium 238 in it. When dated the rock only contains 1.8 grams. What are the parent and daughter concentrations (in percentages) and what is its age?

Answers

Answer :

The parent and daughter concentrations (in percentages) is, 60 % and 40 % respectively.

The age of rock is 3.32* 10^9\text{ years}

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the parent and daughter concentrations (in percentages).

\text{Parent concentrations}=(1.8g)/(3g)* 100=60\%

and,

\text{Daughter concentrations}=((3-1.8)g)/(3g)* 100=40\%

As we know that, the half-life of uranium-238 = 4.5* 10^9 years

Now we have to calculate the rate constant, we use the formula :

k=(0.693)/(t_(1/2))

k=\frac{0.693}{4.5* 10^9\text{ years}}

k=1.54* 10^(-10)\text{ years}^(-1)

Now we have to calculate the time passed.

Expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by:

t=(2.303)/(k)\log(a)/(a-x)

where,

k = rate constant  = 1.54* 10^(-10)\text{ years}^(-1)

t = time passed by the sample  = ?

a = initial amount of the reactant  = 3 g

a - x = amount left after decay process = 1.8 g

Now put all the given values in above equation, we get

t=(2.303)/(1.54* 10^(-10))\log(3)/(1.8)

t=3.32* 10^9\text{ years}

Therefore, the age of rock is 3.32* 10^9\text{ years}
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