Which statement describes a property of covalent compounds? They have a high boiling point because of strong intermolecular forces. They have a low boiling point because of weak intermolecular forces. They have a low melting point because of strong intermolecular forces. They have a high melting point because of weak intermolecular forces.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A compound in which atoms share electrons with each other are known as covalent compounds.

Since there are no strong intermolecular force of attraction between the atoms hence, there bond can be easily broken down.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options, the statement they have a low boiling point because of weak intermolecular forces.

Answer 2

Answer: The correct answer is:

They have a low boiling point because of weak intermolecular forces.

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What is the mass percent of oxygen in sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)?

Answers

The answer is 57.14%.

First we need to calculate molar mass of NaHCO3. Molar mass is mass of 1 mole of a substance. It is the sum of relative atomic masses, which are masses of atoms of the elements.

Relative atomic mass of Na is 22.99 g
Relative atomic mass of H is 1 g
Relative atomic mass of C is 12.01 g
Relative atomic mass of O is 16 g.

Molar mass of NaHCO3 is:
22.99 g + 1 g + 12.01 g + 3 · 16 g = 84 g

Now, mass of oxygen in NaHCO3 is:
3 · 16 g = 48 g

mass percent of oxygen in NaHCO3:
48 g ÷ 84 g · 100% = 57.14%

Therefore, the mass percent of oxygen in sodium bicarbonate is 57.14%.

Which substance has the lowest vapor pressure at 75°C?(1) water (3) propanone
(2) ethanoic acid (4) ethanol

Answers

Answer : (2) Ethanoic acid has the lowest vapor pressure at $75^(0)C$ .

Explanation :

Vapor pressure is the pressure which is exerted by vapor when the vapor form is in equilibrium with the solid or liquid form.

Boiling point is the temperature in which the vapor pressure of liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

Vapor pressure is related with the boiling point :

vapor pressure is inversely proportional to the boiling point. As the boiling point increases, vapor pressure decreases and as the boiling point decreases, vapor pressure increases.

$\text{Vapor presssure }\infty \frac{1}{\text{boiling point}}$

The standard boiling point of given liquids water, propanone, ethanoic acid and ethanol are 100, 56, 118 and $79^(0)C$ respectively.

The image of graph of vapor pressure vs temperature is attached below.

Hence, Ethanoic acid is the substance which has the lowest vapor pressure.

Vapor pressure is a colligative property. This means that intermolecular forces play a large role in how volatile a substance is. We can thus assume that the substance and or liquid in this case with the strongest intermolecular forces will have the lowest vapor pressure, as intermolecular attraction will oppose the vaporizing forces created by temperature and or kinetic energy. The strongest of such intermolecular forces is hydrogen bonding, and given some knowledge of boiling point we can find the answer. In this case:
water: has hydrogen bonding, dispersion, and dipole forces for intermolecular attraction
ethanoic acid: a carboxylic acid has one polar end with a negative charge as CH3COOH turns to CH3COO-. Hydrogen bonding is also present in pure solutions.
Propanone: is a ketone and has an electronegative oxygen attached to a carbon, but does not exhibit hydrogen bonding since the O is not attached to a hydrogen.
Ethanol: Like water exhibits hydrogen bonding, not as strong but more dispersion forces.

Next we must understand boiling points
Water: 100˚C
Ethanoic Acid: 118˚C
Propanone: 56˚C
Ethanol: 78˚C
Given this knowledge we can order the liquids in terms of decreasing volatility or decreasing vapor pressure. We now notice that Ethanoic acid, or acetic acid will have the lowest vapor pressure at 75˚C

What is the net ionic equation for the reaction of solid iron with aqueous copper sulfate? (Hint: First use the activity series to write the formula unit equation!)

Answers

For the answer to the question above,
The reaction of solid iron with aqueous copper sulfate is an example of a single displacement type of reaction which exchanges only the cations of the element and the compound. In this case, the equation is

Fe (s) + CuSO4 (aq) = FeSO4 + Cu (s)

Answer:

The net ionic equation for the reaction of solid iron with aqueous copper sulfate:

$Fe(s)+Cu^(2+)(aq)\rightarrow Fe^(2+)+(aq)+Cu(s)$

Explanation:

Solid iron = Fe

Copper sulfate = $CuSO_4$

$Fe(s)+CuSO_4(aq)\rightarrow FeSO_4(aq)+Cu(s)$

In an aqueous solution of copper sulfate we have copper (II) ions and sulfate ions.

$CuSO_4(aq)\rightarrow Cu^(2+)(aq)+SO_4^(2-)(aq)$

In an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate we have ion (II) ions and sulfate ions.

$FeSO_4(aq)\rightarrow Fe^(2+)+(aq)+SO_4^(2-)(aq)$

$Fe(s)+Cu^(2+)(aq)+SO_4^(2-)(aq)\rightarrow Fe^(2+)+(aq)+SO_4^(2-)(aq)+Fe^(2+)+(aq)$

Cancelling out the common ions from both sides, we get the net ionic equation:

$Fe(s)+Cu^(2+)(aq)\rightarrow Fe^(2+)+(aq)+Cu(s)$

Based on reactivity, which of the following elements can replace iron (Fe) in a compound during a single replacement reaction?Al
Cu
F
Co

Answers

Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Based on reactivity series, the reactivity of some metals in decreasing order is as follows.

Li, K, Ba, Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni

Thus, it can be seen that Al is more reactive than Fe, so it will replace iron in a single displacement reaction. Whereas cobalt is less reactive than iron hence, it will not replace Fe.

Fluorine being an anion will not replace a cation because in displacement reactions, only a cation can replace another cation and an anion can replace another anion.

Hence, we can conclude that Al will replace iron (Fe) in a compound during a single replacement reaction.

based on reactivity, the elements that can replace iron in a compound during a single replacement reaction would be :
Al

Because its higher than the other options in reactivity series

hope this helps

A baseball player hits a ball. Which is the best description of the energy of the ball as it flies over the pitcher’s head?

Answers

The ball will be subject to potential and kinetic energy at this point in time as it is still rising away from the ground and not yet subject to the pull of gravitational force. The potential energy will account for the forces occurring due to change in relative position of the ball during its flight while kinetic energy will account for the energy derived by its motion.

Answser: as the ball is ascending, its kinetic energy decreases and the gravitational potential energy decreases. When the ball is at the maximum altitude, the gravitational potential energy is maximum and the kinetic energy is minimum. As the ball is descending, it loses gravitational potential energy and gains kinetic energy. The total mechanical energy is conserved.

Explanation:

Remember, gravitational potential energy is due do the position (altitude) and the kinetic energy is due to motion (speed).

Mathematically they are:

Gravitational potential energy = mass × gravitaional acceleration × altitude

Kinetic energy = mass × speed² / 2.

Total mechanical energy = gravitational potential energy + kinetic energy.

The ball starts with a very low gravitational potential energy (low altitude) and high kinetic energy (high speed), as the travels upward and far away from the hitter, the kinetic energy is transferred to gravitational potential energy, so the ball gains altitude and loses speed.

When the ball reaches the maximum altitude, it has lost all the vertical speed, and the kinetic energy is at a minimum level, while its gravitational potential energy is at the maximum.

From that point, the ball starts to descend, losing grativational potential energy and gaining kinetic energy. At the moment that the ball reaches the ground it will be again at the minimum grativational potential energy and maximum kinetic energy.

How are mixtures compounds and elements alike?

Answers

elements make up compounds, and when 2 or more compounds are chemically combined it makes a mixture or they are all matter, they have mass and occupy space

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