Profit is the difference between a. assets and liabilities
b. the incoming cash and outgoing cash
c. the assets purchased with cash contributed by the owner and the cash spent to operate the business
d. the amounts received from customers for goods or services and the amounts paid for the inputs used to provide the goods or services

When a consultant prepared marketing dashboards showing sales data for different household types over a four-year period for Tony's pizza, this was which step of the marketing research approach?

According to the Coase theorem, in the presence of externalities a private parties can bargain to reach an efficient outcome.
b government assistance is necessary to reach an efficient outcome.
c the initial distribution of property rights will determine the efficient outcome.
d the assignment of legal rights can prevent externalities.

Suppose selected financial data of Target and Wal-Mart for 2017 are presented here (in millions). Target Corporation Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Income Statement Data for Year Net sales $64,900 $405,000 Cost of goods sold 44,000 300,000 Selling and administrative expenses 14,000 75,000 Interest expense 650 1,800 Other income (expense) (70 ) (380 ) Income tax expense 1,300 6,500 Net income $ 4,880 $ 21,320 Balance Sheet Data (End of Year) Current assets $16,000 $45,000 Noncurrent assets 25,000 120,000 Total assets $41,000 $165,000 Current liabilities $10,000 $54,000 Long-term debt 16,800 43,000 Total stockholders’ equity 14,200 68,000 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $41,000 $165,000 Beginning-of-Year Balances Total assets $43,000 $162,000 Total stockholders’ equity 12,500 64,000 Current liabilities 10,000 54,000 Total liabilities 30,500 98,000 Other Data Average net accounts receivable $7,400 $3,800 Average inventory 6,800 32,800 Net cash provided by operating activities 5,500 25,500 Capital expenditures 1,600 11,500 Dividends 450 3,500 (a) For each company, compute the following ratios. (Round all answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.83 or 1.83%.)(a) For each company, compute the following ratios. (Round all answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.83 or 1.83%.)Ratio TargetWal-Mart(1) Current ratio Enter a number:1 Enter a number:1(2) Accounts receivable turnover Enter a numbertimes Enter a numbertimes(3) Average collection period Enter a numberdays Enter a numberdays(4) Inventory turnover Enter a numbertimes Enter a numbertimes(5) Days in inventory Enter a numberdays Enter a numberdays(6) Profit margin Enter percentages% Enter percentages%(7) Asset turnover Enter a numbertimes Enter a numbertimes(8) Return on assets Enter percentages% Enter percentages%(9) Return on common stockholders’ equity Enter percentages% Enter percentages%(10) Debt to assets ratio Enter percentages% Enter percentages%(11) Times interest earned Enter a numbertimes Enter a numbertimes(12) Free cash flow

Alpine Corporation reported the following information for fiscal 2017 and 2016. December 31 2017 2016
Operating assets $164,101 $153,211
Operating liabilities 120,785 114,836
Net cash flow from operations 46,709 39,540
Net operating profit after tax (NOPAT) 33,371 31,742
Discount factor 6.0% 6.0%

What are the company's free cash flows to the firm (FCFF) for 2017?

A. $28,430
B. $24,638
C. $28,907
D. $25,797
E. None of the above

Amazon.com, Inc., headquartered in Seattle, WA, started its electronic commerce business in 1995 and expanded rapidly. The following transactions occurred during a recent year (dollars in millions):1. Issued stock for $623 cash (example).
2. Purchased equipment costing $6,320, paying $4,893 in cash and charging the rest on account.
3. Paid $5,000 in principal and $300 in interest expense on long-term debt.
4. Earned $177,866 in sales revenue; collected $123,949 in cash with the customers owing the rest on their Amazon credit card account.
5. Incurred $25,249 in shipping expenses, all on credit.
6. Paid $118,241 cash on accounts owed to suppliers.
7. Incurred $10,069 in marketing expenses; paid cash.
8. Collected $38,200 in cash from customers paying on their Amazon credit card account.
9. Borrowed $16,231 in cash as long-term debt.
10. Used inventory costing $111,934 when sold to customers.
11. Paid $830 in income tax recorded as an expense in the prior year.

Required:

For each of the transactions, complete the tabulation, indicating the effect (positive value for increase, negative value for decrease, and leave blank if no effect) of each transaction.

Mixed Costs and Cost Formula Ben Palman owns an art gallery. He accepts paintings and sculpture on consignment and then receives 20% of the price of each piece as his fee. Space is limited, and there are costs involved, so Ben is careful about accepting artists. When he does accept one, he arranges for an opening show (usually for 3 hours on a weekend night) and sends out invitations to his customer list. At the opening, he serves wine, soft drinks, and appetizers to create a comfortable environment for prospective customers to view the new works and to chat with the artist. On average, each opening costs $600. Ben has given as many as 20 opening shows in a year. The total cost of running the gallery, including rent, furniture and fixtures, utilities, and a part-time assistant, amounts to $120,000 per year.Required:1. Assume that the cost driver is number of opening shows. Develop the cost formula for the gallery's costs for a year.
2. Using the cost formula developed above, what is the total cost for Ben in a year with 12 opening shows?
$
Using the cost formula developed above, what is the total cost for Ben in a year with 14 opening shows?
$