Yogi Berra is a famous New York Yankees relief pitcher. True False
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Yogi Berra was not a relief pitcher for the New York Yankees; he was a famous baseball player who primarily played as a catcher for the New York Yankees. Therefore is statement is false.
He is widely regarded as one of the greatest catchers in baseball history. Berra won numerous accolades and championships throughout his career and was known for his exceptional skills both behind the plate and with the bat.
As a catcher, Yogi Berra played a crucial role in managing the Yankees' pitching staff, calling pitches, and providing defensive stability. He was known for his exceptional baseball IQ and his ability to handle pitchers effectively.
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What has more thermal energy a small balloon or a large balloon
E. If you knew the pressure, volume, and temperature of the helium in the balloon, what equation would you use to determine its number of moles? (2 points)
F. Your friend's mom has a great new car. What type of device does it use to move? Describe how this device operates, in terms of the second law of thermodynamics. (3 points)
G. The heat is getting to your friend. You start to share your iced drink with her, but the ice has disappeared! What phase change did the ice cubes undergo? What happened to the ice's molecules during this phase change? If the drink continued to heat, what would be its next phase change? (3 points)
H. Did the entropy of the ice cubes increase or decrease over time? Explain your answer, including a definition of entropy. (3 points)
6.A. The following is a nuclear equation for which type of decay process? (1 point)
235 92 U --> 4 2 He + 231 90 Th
B. Describe this type of decay process. What are the other two types of decay? How are the types of decay different? (4 points)
C. What is the name for the length of time of a decay process? How can this be used to calculate the amount of a radioactive element, compared to its original amount? (4 points)
7.A. Describe Einstein's famous equation, E = mc2, using two well-known conservation laws. Give an example of when you would use this equation. (4 points)
B. Describe fission and fusion. Explain how Einstein's equation relates to the concepts of fission and fusion. (5 points)
8. Describe an alternative energy source that involves the earth. (2 points)
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where p is the gas pressure, V is the gas volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant and T the gas temperature. Since we know p,V and T of the gas, we can find the number of moles n by re-arranging the equation:
F) The car uses an internal combustion engine. In an internal combustion engine, the fuel (gasoline) burns releasing heat, which moves the pistons of the engine. The motion of the pistons is then converted into motion of the wheels of the car.
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system can never decrease. If we take the engine as an isolated system, the this law applied also to it. In fact, at the beginning the engine containes fuel, which has a certain degree of "order" (entropy). When the fuel burns, the chemical bonds of the fuel are converted into heat, which has a higher degree of "disorder" (=more entropy) than the initial state.
G1) The ice cubes in the drink undergo melting: they go from solid state into liquid state (water).
G2) Since the temperature of the ice cubes is lower than the temperature of the surrounding liquid drink, the drink releases heat to the ice cubes. This heat makes the molecules of the ice cubes to vibrate faster and faster, eventually breaking the bonds between the molecules. When this occurs, the ice cubes start melting.
G3) If the drink continues to heat, it will undergo evaporation, which is the transition between the liquid state and the gas state. This transition occurs when the energy given to the molecules of the drink is large enough to remove the intermolecular forces between the molecules of the liquid, allowing them to escape from each other.
H) Entropy is the amount of thermal energy of a system (per unit temperature) which cannot be used to do work. In practise, the entropy of a system gives a measure of the degree of "disorder" of a system. When the ice cubes melt, the entropy of the system (the ice cubes) increases, because they move from a state with higher degree of "order" (the solid state) to a state with lower degree of "order" (the liquid state).
A) This nuclear equation is an example of alpha-decay, where an unstable nucleus (uranium-235) decays into a daughter nucleus (thorum-231) releasing an alpha particle (a nucleum of helium, consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons).
B) The other three types of decay are:
- beta minus decay: in an unstable nucleus, a neutron decays into a proton, releasing a fast moving electron and an antineutrino. Following this decay, the atomic number of the nucleus increases by 1 unit while its mass number remains the same
- beta plus decay: in an unstable nucleus, a proton decays into a neutron, releasing a fast moving positron and a neutrino. Following this decay, the atomic number of the nucleus decreases by 1 unit while its mass number remains the same
- gamma decay: a nucleus in excited states decays to its ground state by emitting a gamma photon, whose energy is equal to the difference in energy between the two nuclear levels.
C) The length of time of a decay process is usually expressed by using the concept of half life. The half life of a substance is the time it takes for the substance to decrease to half of its original amount. The equation that gives the amount left of a substance at time t is given by:
where m0 is the original mass of the substance,and
7B1) In nuclear fusion, two smaller nuclei combine together (fuse) to form a new larger nucleus. An example of this process is the hydrogen-to-helium fusion, which occurs inside the stars, where two nuclei of hydrogen (one proton each) fuse together to form a nucleus of helium-4. In the nuclear fusion process, the sum of the masses of the initial nuclei is larger than the mass of the final nucleus, so the mass lost in the process has converted into energy, according to Einstein's formula:
7B2) In nuclear fission, a nucleus of a heavy element absorbs a slow moving neutron, becoming unstable and decaying into smaller nuclei. An example of this process is the fission of uranium-235, which occurs inside nuclear power plants on Earth. In the process, uranium-235 decays into lighter nuclei and many neutrons, which are used to further induce other fission reactions with other nuclei of uranium-235. In the nuclear fission, the mass of the initial nucleus is greater than the masses of the final products, so the mass lost in the process has been converted into energy according to Einstein's formula:
8) An alternative energy source that involves the Earth is wind power: the air flows through turbines, which are put in motion by the wind. The motion of the turbines is then converted into electrical energy.
Answers
Assuming the initial direction of motion before impact as negative and final direction of motion as positive.
m = mass of the ball being hit = 0.15 kg
v₀ = initial velocity of the ball before the impact = - 36 m/s
v = final velocity of the ball after impact = 45 m/s
t = time of impact = 0.0020 s
F = force Reggie exerted on the ball
Using Impulse-change in momentum equation
F t = m (v - v₀)
F (0.0020) = (0.15) (45 - (- 36))
F = 6075 N
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There's no such thing as a wave of white light. Every light wave with
a certain wavelength has some color. White light is a mixture of all
the different wavelengths with all of the different visible colors.
They're ALL there in white light. When they all enter your eye at
the same time, your brain gets the message of brightness with
no particular color, which we call "white light".
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Sliding friction - the friction that occurs upon a moving object; it is always lower than the static friction of the same object.
Rolling friction - the friction on a rolling object; it is actually a form of static friction with the contact point of the wheel with the surface.