Which statement best explains why different gases effuse at different rates?At a given pressure, gas particles with smaller masses move faster.
At a given pressure, gas particles with smaller masses move slower.
At a given temperature, gas particles with smaller masses move faster.
At a given temperature, gas particles with smaller masses move slower
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Answer: Different gases effuse at different rates because at a given temperature, gas particles with smaller masses move faster.
Explanation: The motion of particles in a gas depends on the kinetic energy of the gas particles which further depend on the temperature of the gas. Thus, the rate of gas given by Graham's law can only be stated when the two gases are at fixed temperature.
Graham's Law: This law states that the rate of effusion of gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its mass.
Mathematically,
From the above relation, the gas particle with smaller mass will effuse faster at a given temperature.
Hope this helps.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. HELPPPP!Weak bases react with _______ to form the hydroxide ion and the conjugate _______ of the base. Concentration in solution does not affect whether an acid or a base is _______ or weak.The strength of an acid or a base is determined by the _______ of the substance in solution. The acid dissociation constant, _______, is a quantitative measure of acid strength. A strong acid has a much _______ Ka than a weak acid. The Ka of an acid is determined from measured _______ values.Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are _______ ionized in solution and are _______ acids. Ethanoic acid, which is only about 1 percent ionized, is a _______ acid. Magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are strong _______.
The nucleus of an atom X contains 15 protons and 16 neutrons. a) Determine the number of electrons of this atom.
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What are the coefficients that should be added to balance this equation? Use complete sentences to explain your answer.
Explain how this chemical reaction demonstrates the conservation of mass.
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Answer:
Start by balancing the carbon atoms:
There is one carbon atom on each side of the equation, so carbon is already balanced.
Next, balance the hydrogen atoms:
There are four hydrogen atoms on the left (in CH4), so we need four HCl molecules on the right to balance the hydrogen atoms. The equation now becomes:
CH4 + Cl2 → CCl4 + 4HCl
Now, balance the chlorine atoms:
There are two chlorine atoms on the right (in CCl4), so we need two Cl2 molecules on the left to balance the chlorine atoms. The equation now becomes:
CH4 +
Explanation:
Even though the number of atoms on the left side (reactants) is 7 and on the right side (products) is 9, the law of conservation of matter is still upheld. This is because we need to consider the coefficients (the numbers in front of each compound) to account for the total mass. When you balance the equation and adjust the coefficients, you'll find that the total number of atoms remains the same on both sides, satisfying the law of conservation of matter.
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Given data:
Sublimation of K
K(s) ↔ K(g) ΔH(sub) = 89.0 kj/mol
Ionization energy for K
K(s) → K⁺ + e⁻ IE(K) = 419 Kj/mol
Electron affinity for Cl
Cl(g) + e⁻ → Cl⁻ EA(Cl) = -349 kj/mol
Bond energy for Cl₂
1/2Cl₂ (g) → Cl Bond energy = 243/2 = 121.5 kj/mol
Formation of KCl
K(s) + 1/2Cl₂(g) → KCl(s) ΔHf = -436.5 kJ/mol
To determine:
Lattice energy of KCl
K⁺(g) + Cl⁻(g) → KCl (s) U(KCl) = ?
Explanation:
The enthalpy of formation of KCl can be expressed in terms of the sum of all the above processes, i.e.
ΔHf(KCl) = U(KCl) + ΔH(sub) + IE(K) + 1/2 BE(Cl₂) + EA(Cl)
therefore:
U(KCl) = ΔHf(KCl) - [ΔH(sub) + IE(K) + 1/2 BE(Cl₂) + EA(Cl)]
= -436.5 - [89 + 419 + 243/2 -349] = -717 kJ/mol
Ans: the lattice energy of KCl = -717 kj/mol
Final answer:
The lattice energy of KCl is calculated using the Born-Haber cycle by considering the energies of several steps including the sublimation of potassium, ionization of potassium, dissociation of Cl bond, electron affinity of Cl, and formation of KCl. The given values are plugged into a formula resulting in a lattice energy of -718 kJ/mol.
Explanation:
To calculate the lattice energy of KCl using the Born-Haber cycle, we need to follow several thermochemical steps. The steps include, first sublimation of potassium, the ionization of potassium, bond dissociation enthalpy to produce Cl, the electron affinity of Cl, and formation of KCl (s). Combining energy changes associated with all these steps would give us energy change for the formation of KCl from individual K and Cl2, it is called as enthalpy of formation (ΔH°f) for KCl.
Using the given values for each step, we use the formula: ΔH°f = ΔHsub + IE1 + 1/2* DCl2 - EA1 + lattice energy.
Substituting the given values, -436.5 = 89 + 419 + 1/2*243 -349 + lattice energy. Solving gives the lattice energy as -718 kJ/mol.
Learn more about Lattice energy calculation here:
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find the distance between
the following points:
a) AC0₂0) and B(5, 2)
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Answer: balance
Explanation:
Mass is a physical property of a body. It is the measure of resistance of acceleration that a body offers. It is also determined by the strength of gravitational attraction between two or more bodies. The SI unit of mass is the kilogram or gram.
A balance is a device which can be used to measure the accurate mass of the body. The electrical balance has a digital screen which gives the measurements in kilograms or grams in digits.