Consider two aqueous solutions of NaCl. Solution 1 is 4.00 M and solution 2 is 0.10 M. In what ratio (solution 1 to solution 2) must these solutions be mixed in order to produce a 0.86 M solution of NaCl

Answers

Answer 1
Answer:

Answer:

The ratio of solution 1 to solution 2 is 24.20 to 100.00.

Explanation:

We will mix V₁ (L) of solution 1 with V₂ (L) of solution 2 to get the final solution.

So the mole concentration in the final solution is calculated as below, note that C₁ is the concentration of solution 1, and C₂ is the concentration of solution 2

[M] = (V_(1) C_(1) +V_(2)C_(2))/(V_(1)+V_(2)) = \frac{4 V_(1) + 0.1 V_(2)}_{V_(1)+V_(2)}}=0.86

Then we can calculate for the ratio

(V_(1))/(V_(2))=(0.86-0.10)/(4.00-0.86)  =(0.76)/(3.14) or (24.20)/(100.00)


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Which is more water soluble hexanoic acid or sodium hexanoate?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Hexanoic acid [CH 3(CH 2) 4COOH] is barely soluble in water (about 1.0 g/100 g of water). Palmitic acid [CH 3(CH 2) 14COOH], with its large nonpolar hydrocarbon component, is essentially insoluble in water. The carboxylic acids generally are soluble in such organic solvents as ethanol, toluene, and diethyl ether.

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The partial pressure of O2 in air at sea level is 0.21atm. The solubility of O2 in water at 20∘C, with 1 atm O2 pressure is 1.38×10−3 M. Part A Using Henry's law, calculate the molar concentration of O2 in the surface water of a mountain lake saturated with air at 20 ∘C and an atmospheric pressure of 665 torr . Express your answer using two significant figures. nothing

Answers

Answer:

1.21x10^(-3) M

Explanation:

Henry's law relational the partial pressure and the concentration of a gas, which is its solubility. So, at the sea level, the total pressure of the air is 1 atm, and the partial pressure of O2 is 0.21 atm. So 21% of the air is O2.

Partial pressure = Henry's constant x molar concentration

0.21 = Hx1.38x10^(-3)

H = (0.21)/(1.38x10^(-3) )

H = 152.17 atm/M

For a pressure of 665 torr, knowing that 1 atm = 760 torr, so 665 tor = 0.875 atm, the ar concentration is the same, so 21% is O2, and the partial pressure of O2 must be:

P = 0.21*0.875 = 0.1837 atm

Then, the molar concentration [O2], will be:

P = Hx[O2]

0.1837 = 152.17x[O2]

[O2] = 0.1837/15.17

[O2] = 1.21x10^(-3) M

Final answer:

The molar concentration of O2 in the surface water of a mountain lake at 20 °C and an atmospheric pressure of 665 torr is approximately 1.21×10-3 M.

Explanation:

To calculate the molar concentration of O2 in the surface water of a mountain lake using Henry's law, we first need to understand how pressure affects the solubility of gases and vice versa.

As per Henry's law, at a constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid.  The partial pressure of O2 in air at sea level is 0.21 atm. This means that when the atmospheric pressure is 1 atm, the molar concentration of O2 is 1.38×10−3 M. At higher altitudes, the atmospheric pressure reduces. The given atmospheric pressure at the mountain lake is 665 torr, which is approximately 0.875 atm.

Using these values in Henry's law, the molar concentration of O2 can be calculated as:

C = P * x

where C is molar concentration, P is atmospheric pressure, and x is given solubility at 1 atm. Substituting the values:

C = (0.875 atm) * (1.38×10−3 M) = 1.21x10-3 M approximately

Learn more about Henry's Law here:

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Calculate the molar solubility of mercury (I) bromide, Hg2Br2, in 1.0 M KBr. The Ksp for Hg2Br2 is 5.6 X 10−23. (Hint: How would the Br− concentration from the sparingly soluble compound itself compare to the Br− concentration that comes from the KBr?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is 5.6 × 10⁻²³ M.

Explanation:

As a highly soluble salt, KBr dissolves easily in water, while Hg₂Br₂ is very less soluble in comparison to KBr.

Let the solubility of Hg₂Br₂ is S mol per liter.

Therefore,

KBr (s) (1.0 M) ⇒ K⁺ (aq) (1M) + Br⁻ (aq) (1M)

Hg₂Br₂ (s) (1-S) ⇔ Hg₂⁺ (aq) (S) + 2Br⁻ (aq) (2S)

Net [Br-] = (2S + 1) M

Ksp = S (2S + 1)²

Ksp = S (4S² + 1 + 4S)

Ksp = 4S³ + S + 4S²

As the solubility is extremely less, therefore, we can ignore S² and S³. Now,

Ksp = S = 5.6 × 10⁻²³ M

Hence, the solubility of Hg₂Br₂ is 5.6 × 10⁻²³ M.

A solid is hard brittle and electrically nonconducting. it's melt ( the liquid form of the substance) and an aqueous solution containing the substance conduct electricity. classify solid.

Answers

Answer: ionic solid

Explanation:

In an ionic solid, the ions are bound together by strong electrostatic attraction hence they are immobile and the solid is unable to conduct electricity. If this solid is dissolved in water, the ions move apart due to solvation and become mobile hence the solution conduts electricity. Similarly, when the solid melts, the ions also become free and the melt conduct electricity.

Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. Instead of melting, solid carbon dioxide sublimes according to the equation: CO2(s)→CO2(g). When dry ice is added to warm water, heat from the water causes the dry ice to sublime more quickly. The evaporating carbon dioxide produces a dense fog often used to create special effects. In a simple dry ice fog machine, dry ice is added to warm water in a Styrofoam cooler. The dry ice produces fog until it evaporates away, or until the water gets too cold to sublime the dry ice quickly enough. Suppose that a small Styrofoam cooler holds 15.0 L of water heated to 90 ∘C. Calculate the mass of dry ice that should be added to the water so that the dry ice completely sublimes away when the water reaches 28 ?

Answers

Answer:

6.82 kg

Explanation:

Given that the amount of water is 15L and we know that the density of water is ≈ 1kg/L. The mass of water is given by mass = volume x density, i.e,

mass = 15 x 1 = 15 kg. Also the specific heat capacity of water is 4.186 KJ/kg.

The sublimation enthalpy of dry ice is 571 KJ/kg.

Now, the amount of heat lost by water is entirely used up for the sublimation (conversion from soild to gas) of dry ice. And the heat (Q) lost by water is given as : Q = mCΔT, where m is the mass of water, C the specific heat capacity of water and ΔT the change in temperature.

Here, Q = 15 x 4.186 x (90 - 28) = 3892.98 KJ.

This amount of heat is taken up by the dry ice for its sublimation. Also the energy taken by dry ice (Q') for its sublimation is given by: Q' = m'L', where m' is the mass of dry ice, L' is the latent heat of sublimation (i.e, the amount of heat required per kg of a substance to sublime) of dry ice amd L' = 571 KJ/kg.

Now, Q' =m'L' = heat lost by water = 3892.98KJ.

And, m'L' = m' x 571 KJ/kg = 3892.98 KJ. (Dividing with 571)

Therefore, m' = 6.82 kg.  

Calculate the individual percent recoveries of benzoic acid, naphthalene and 3-nitroaniline if you were able to collect 9.75 g of benzoic acid, 6.41 g of naphthalene, and 7.71 g of 3-nitroaniline from a set of extractions. The starting mass of the mixture was 26.24 g. (0.6 pt)

Answers

Answer:

Benzoic acid= 37.16%

Naphthalene = 24.43%

3-Nitroaniline= 29.38%

Explanation:

Data given:

percentage recovery of benzonic acid = 9.75/26.24 * 100 = 37.16%

Percentage recovery of napthalene = 6.41/26.24 * 100 = 24.43%

Percentage recovery of 3-nitroaniline = 7.71/26.24 * 100 = 29.38%