The product-variety externality is associated with the A. consumer surplus that is generated from the introduction of a new product. B. loss of consumer surplus from exposure to additional advertising. C. producer surplus that accrues to incumbent firms in a monopolistically competitive industry. D. opportunity cost of firms exiting a monopolistically competitive industry.
Answers
Answer:
A. consumer surplus that is generated from the introduction of a new product.
Explanation:
The product-variety externality is defined as consumer get the surplus that is generated from the introduction of a new product and entry of a new firm conveys a positive externality on consumers. It arises as new firms offer products that differ from those of the existing firms, however, it does not happen under perfect competition. Competitive market lead to efficient outcomes, unless there are externalities.
Related Questions
In our newly networked world, reading is:A. the taking in of words.B. a commentc. a conversation,D. only about producing words.
Your parents are giving you $190 a month for 4 years while you are in college. At an interest rate of .45 percent per month, what are these payments worth to you when you first start college?
Suppose that Italy and Austria both produce fish and shoes. Italy’s opportunity cost of producing a pair of shoes is 5 pounds of fish, while Austria’s opportunity cost of producing a pair of shoes is 10 pounds of fish. By comparing the opportunity cost of producing shoes in the two countries, you can tell that _____ has a comparative advantage in the production of shoes, and ______ has a comparative advantage in the production of fish. Suppose that Italy and Austria consider trading shoes and fish with each other. Italy can gain from specialization and trade as long as it receives more than _______ of fish for each pair of shoes it exports to Austria. Similarly, Austria can gain from trade as long as it receives more than _______ of shoes for each pound of fish it exports to Italy. Based on your answers to the previous question, which of the following terms of trade (that is, price of shoes in terms of fish) would allow both Austria and Italy to gain from trade? Check all that apply.(A) 8 pounds of fish per pair of shoes (B) 1 pound of fish per pair of shoes(C) 15 pounds of fish per pair of shoes(D) 3 pounds of fish per pair of shoes
Suppose the country of Altaria only produces one good, pink tutus. Last year, nominal GDP was $50,000 and this year it is $200,000. What can we definitively conclude? A. Output in Altaria quadrupled B. The rate of unemployment decreased C. Standard of living in Altaria increased D. All of the above. E. None of the above.
Answers
Answer: c. a compensating wage differential
Explanation: since different jobs in the labour market are characterised by different wages, workers do have different preferences as do firms who employ these workers have different conditions wherein they work. Soft coal miners earned a higher hourly wage than other industrial workers of similar skill levels due to compensating wage differentials. This is the additional amount of income that a worker must be offered in order to motivate them to accept a given job (often undesirable and collectively known as nonwage characteristics of the job), relative to other jobs that the same worker could perform.
For unpleasant jobs, firms often offer higher wages in order to attract workers. The reverse is also true.
a. 10
b. 90
c. 50
d. 40
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is:
90 (b.)
Explanation:
A concentration ratio is the ratio of the combined market shares percentage held by the largest specified number of firms, compared to the given market size. The concentration ratio ranges from 0% to 100%. If the concentration ratio of an industry ranges from 0% to 50%, that industry is said to be perfectly competitive if the top 5 firms have a concentration ratio of 60% or more, oligopoly is said to occur, and if the competition ratio of one company is 100% it shows monopoly.
In our example, the concentration of the largest four market segments are:
35%, 30%, 15% and 10%
Therefore, the four firm market concentration ratio = 35 + 30 + 15 + 10 = 90
Answer:
b. 90
Explanation:
The concentration ratio is a term in business that is measured as the total summation of the market share percentage carried by the largest specified number of companies in an industry. The concentration ratio varies between 0% to 100%, and an industry's concentration ratio is considered to demonstrates the extent of competition in the industry.
However, the four-firm concentration ratio is calculated by summing the market shares—that is, the percentage of total sales—of the four largest companies in the given market.
Hence, in this case, we have 35%, 30%, 15% and 10% as the top four largest market share. There by, summation equals => 35+30+15+10 = 90.
Cost of Direct Labor wages: $37,500
Variable Manufacturing Overhead: $25,000
Fixed Manufacturing Overhead: $125,000
Total units produced: 10,000
Under absorption costing what was the per-unit cost of the units produced?
a. None of the above
b. $23.75
c. $12.50
d. $11.25
e. $8.75
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is B.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Cost of Direct Materials used in production: $50,000
Cost of Direct Labor wages: $37,500
Variable Manufacturing Overhead: $25,000
Fixed Manufacturing Overhead: $125,000
Total units produced: 10,000
The absorption costing method includes all costs related to production, both fixed and variable. The unit product cost is calculated using direct material, direct labor, and total unitary manufacturing overhead.
First, we need to calculate the total cost:
Total cost= 50,000 + 37,500 + 25,000 + 125,000
Total cost= $237,500
Now, the unitary cost:
Unitary cost= 237,500/10,000= $23.75
Answers
Answer:
multifactor productivity = 8.3%
Explanation:
given data
Total cost for chemicals = $10
Total cost of labor = $40
Total cost of misc = $5
use of chemical = 50%
solution
first we get here total initial cost that is
total initial cost = 10 + 40 + 5
total initial cost = $55
and
Increase in cost of chemical is = 10 + (0.5) × (10)
Increase in cost of chemical = 15
so Total increase in cost will be
Total increase in cost = $15 + $40 + $5
Total increase in cost = 60
so
increase in cost % = × 100
increase in cost % = × 100
increase in cost % = 91.67 %
so
change in multifactor productivity is = 100% - 91.7%
multifactor productivity = 8.3%
Answers
In a common size income statement, the most commonly used base item is total sales or total revenue. All other line items are represented as a percentage of this amount. This method allows for easier comparison of financial statements over different periods or from different companies.
In a common size income statement, the most commonly used base item is total sales or total revenue.
This means, every line item on the income statement such as cost of goods sold, gross profit, operating expenses, and net income, among others, are converted into a percentage of total sales.
A common size analysis facilitates the comparison of financial statements over different periods, or among different companies, by expressing each line item as a percentage of the base item.
Take an example, if the total sales of a company in a particular year is $100,000 and the cost of goods sold represents $60,000 then in the common size income statement, the cost of goods sold will be represented as 60% (i.e., $60,000/$100,000 * 100).
This method makes it easier to compare relative proportions of account balances, irrespective of the size of the company or the period.
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Final answer:
The most commonly used base item for a common size income statement is sales revenue. This allows for easy comparison of financial performance between different companies or different reporting periods.
Explanation:
The most commonly used base item for a common size income statement is sales revenue. When performing a common size analysis, the values on the income statement are typically converted into percentages of sales revenue. This allows for easy comparison of financial performance between different companies or different reporting periods, regardless of the size of the company or the amount of sales. For instance, the cost of goods sold and operating expenses would be represented as a percentage of sales revenue. This way, you can compare the relative size of cost items to the sales they support, across different firms or times.
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Answers
Answer:
Procedural
Explanation:
-Procedural justice refers to having a fair and transparent process that is used to make decisions.
-Interpersonal justice refers to treating people affected by a procedure in a respectful way.
-informational justice refers to letting people know why certain decisions were made.
-Distributive justice refers to a fair distribution of resources among people.
According to this, the answer is that their complaints were related to procedural justice because when they complaint about the form used for evaluating employee effectiveness they are talking about the process that is used to make the evaluations.
The other options are not right because the situation doesn't refer to how people is treated, the information of the process or the distribution of resources.