Radical chlorination of pentane is a poor way to prepare 1-chloropentane, but radical chlorination of neopentane, (CH3)4C, is a good way to prepare neopentyl chloride, (CH3)3CCH2Cl. Why? ...?
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Final answer:
Radical chlorination of pentane and neopentane results in different yields of the desired products due to the selectivity of the reaction. With neopentane, the reaction is very selective, producing a higher yield of neopentyl chloride, while with pentane, the reaction isn't selective, leading to various isomers and a lower yield of 1-chloropentane.
Explanation:
Radical chlorination of pentane isn't an efficient method to prepare 1-chloropentane because it doesn't give a high yield of the desired product. This is due to it being a non-selective process, leading to the formation of several isomeric products. In the case of pentane, several different hydrogens can be replaced creating many possible isomers of chloropentane.
On the other hand, radical chlorination of neopentane or (CH3)4C is a good way to prepare neopentyl chloride or (CH3)3CCH2Cl. This is because neopentane has a far greater proportion of equivalent tertiary hydrogens. When chlorination occurs, it's most likely to happen at these sites, producing a higher yield of the desired neopentyl chloride product with less chance of isomer formation.
This difference is due to the selectivity and specificity of the radical chlorination reaction on neopentane versus pentane. Radical chlorination is not very selective with pentane but is quite selective with neopentane due to the type of hydrogens present, thus making it a more ideal reaction.
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Related Questions
Water is initially present in a state where its molecules are far apart. During a change of state, its molecules slow down. Which change of state has most likely taken place?
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Sand + water = Sand Sand solution
Which is an example of a response?a. water lost from the lungs during breathingb. ivy growing around the pole of a fencec. the angle of the sun changing during the dayd. outside temperature dropping at night
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Answers
The correct answer is 9.6h.
As you know, a radioactive isotope's nuclear half-life tells you exactly how much time must pass in order for an initial sample of this isotope to be halved.
Using the formula , A = Ao.
where , A- final mass after decay
Ao - initial mass
n - the number of half-lives that pass in the given period of time
Now, putting all the values, we get
1.3 × mg = 0.050 mg ×
Take the natural log of both sides of the equation to get,
㏑ = ㏑
㏑ = n. ln
n = 1.6
Since n represents the number of half-lives that pass in a given period of time, you can say that
t= 1.6 × 6 h
t = 9.6h
Hence, it will take 9.6 h until the radioactive isotope decays.
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Final answer:
Using the formula for radioactive decay and the provided half-life of technetium-99m, it can be calculated that it takes approximately 28.5 hours for 0.050 mg of technetium-99m to decay to a quantity of 1.3 x 10^-2 mg.
Explanation:
The decay of a radioactive isotope is an exponential process based on the half-life, which is, in turn, constant for any given isotope. The general formula for the remaining quantity of a radioactive isotope after a given time is given by: N = N0 (0.5) ^(t/t1/2), where (N0) is the initial amount, (N) is the remaining amount, (t) is time, and (t1/2) is the half-life of the isotope. In this case, we are given the initial quantity (N0 = 0.050 mg), the remaining quantity (N = 1.3 x 10^-2 mg), and the half-life (t1/2 = 6.0 hours).
We can solve for time (t) in the equation: N = N0 (0.5) ^(t/t1/2). Plugging in the values, we get 1.3 x 10^-2 = 0.050 x (0.5)^(t/6), and solving for t, we find that it takes approximately 28.5 hours for the technetium-99m to decay to 1.3 x 10^-2 mg.
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Answers
Answer: Na⁺, SO₄ ²⁻.
Justification:
This is just a part of a bigger question.
But the instructions are complete to construct the ions.
The first ion requested is the sodium ion.
The symbol of sodium is Na.
When an electron is removed from the neutral atom, the atom wil result with an excess of protons, which translates onto an excess of positive charge.
Then, to show the new particle you must add a positve sign (+) in the form of superscript.
That is why you write Na⁺. By the way, a positive ion is named cation.
Regarding sulfate ion, it comes from the sulfuric acid, when you remove the two hydrogen atoms, each with a positive charge, then the sulfate ion will stand with a negative charge of 2.
The charge is told to belong to the entire ion, not a particular atom, soy you wirte it with the 2- symbol as a superscript for the entire species:
SO₄ ²⁻. A negative ions is called anion.
The answer, then, is: Na⁺, SO₄ ²⁻.
Writing the ion: Na⁺,SO₄²⁻
Further explanation
Ionic compounds consisting of cations (ions +) and anions (ions -)
The naming is preceded by the cation then the anion with the -ide suffix added
Generally for this ion compound consists of metal elements as cations and non-metals as anions
Metal: cation, positively charged.
Nonmetal: negative anion.
The anion cation's charge is crossed
Example:
Fe₂S₃
Fe charge = 3+
S charge = 2-
The writing of the ionic charge is placed as a superscript behind the molecule/ atom, and the number is written before the positive or negative sign. For a single charge, there is no need to write the number
Example
Cl⁻ (single charge)
Mg²⁺ not Mg⁺²
For the element Na symbol which is group 1A and releases one electron, the symbol writing would be: Na⁺(single charge)
For polyatomic ions, the superscript charge is written after the subscript on the polyatomic element, so it becomes SO₄²⁻
These two ions when combined and bind to Na₂SO₄ (The anion cation's charge is crossed)
if written separately as Na⁺, SO₄²⁻
Learn more
the chemical formula for each ionic compound.
two functional groups that contain ionic charges
Binary ionic compounds
Keywords: chemical compound, the naming of chemical compounds
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Answer:
The reaction would be 1500n (equal reaction)
Explanation:
This can be explained by Newton's third law of motion which states that for every action (force), there is an opposite and equal reaction. In other words, when two objects or people come in contact, the magnitude of force which they exert on each other is equal and they both feel an equal reaction force.
It doesn't matter whether one of the colliding bodies is of bigger mass than the other. This Newton's third law of motion is also known as the law of action and reaction.
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Answer:
1.31moles
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Mass of CuO₂ = 125g
Unknown:
Number of moles = ?
Solution:
To solve this problem, we use the expression below:
Number of moles =
Molar mass of CuO₂ = 63.6 + 2(16) = 95.6g/mol
So;
Number of moles = = 1.31moles