Why potasium more reactive than lithium and sodium

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: So potassium is more reactive than lithium because the outer electron of a potassium atom is further from its nucleus than the outer electron of a lithium atom. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day. Feel free to ask more questions.

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What is first ionization energy

Answers

Hope this helps...Definition. The first ionisation energy is the energyrequired to remove the most loosely held electron from one mole of gaseous atoms to produce 1 mole of gaseous ions each with a charge of 1+.

Which substance has the lowest vapor pressure at 75°C?(1) water (3) propanone
(2) ethanoic acid (4) ethanol

Answers

Answer : (2) Ethanoic acid has the lowest vapor pressure at $75^(0)C$ .

Explanation :

Vapor pressure is the pressure which is exerted by vapor when the vapor form is in equilibrium with the solid or liquid form.

Boiling point is the temperature in which the vapor pressure of liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

Vapor pressure is related with the boiling point :

vapor pressure is inversely proportional to the boiling point. As the boiling point increases, vapor pressure decreases and as the boiling point decreases, vapor pressure increases.

$\text{Vapor presssure }\infty \frac{1}{\text{boiling point}}$

The standard boiling point of given liquids water, propanone, ethanoic acid and ethanol are 100, 56, 118 and $79^(0)C$ respectively.

The image of graph of vapor pressure vs temperature is attached below.

Hence, Ethanoic acid is the substance which has the lowest vapor pressure.

Vapor pressure is a colligative property. This means that intermolecular forces play a large role in how volatile a substance is. We can thus assume that the substance and or liquid in this case with the strongest intermolecular forces will have the lowest vapor pressure, as intermolecular attraction will oppose the vaporizing forces created by temperature and or kinetic energy. The strongest of such intermolecular forces is hydrogen bonding, and given some knowledge of boiling point we can find the answer. In this case:
water: has hydrogen bonding, dispersion, and dipole forces for intermolecular attraction
ethanoic acid: a carboxylic acid has one polar end with a negative charge as CH3COOH turns to CH3COO-. Hydrogen bonding is also present in pure solutions.
Propanone: is a ketone and has an electronegative oxygen attached to a carbon, but does not exhibit hydrogen bonding since the O is not attached to a hydrogen.
Ethanol: Like water exhibits hydrogen bonding, not as strong but more dispersion forces.

Next we must understand boiling points
Water: 100˚C
Ethanoic Acid: 118˚C
Propanone: 56˚C
Ethanol: 78˚C
Given this knowledge we can order the liquids in terms of decreasing volatility or decreasing vapor pressure. We now notice that Ethanoic acid, or acetic acid will have the lowest vapor pressure at 75˚C

Which formula represents a polar molecule?
(1) O2
(2) CO2
(3) NH3
(4) CH4

Answers

Answer: Option (3) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A molecule is polar when the net dipole moment of molecule is zero. When an electronegative atom is attached to an electropositive atom then the electronegative atom pulls the shared pair of electrons more towards itself.

As a result, the movement of electrons is more towards the electronegative atom and the dipole moment becomes zero. This will also induce partial positive and partial negative charge on electropositive and electronegative atom.

On the other hand, $O_(2), CO_(2), and CH_(4)$ are covalent compounds and does not have a net zero dipole moment.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options $NH_(3)$ represents a polar molecule.

If water were a nonpolar molecule, how would its properties be different?

Answers

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Do Sugar Crystals Grow Faster In Tap Water Or In Distilled Water?

Answers

Sugar crystals grow faster in Distilled water because tap water has iron, fluoride, and chlorine in it. Hope I answered your question! :)

Molarity. 0.5 GRAMS of sodium chloride is dissolved to make 0.05 liters of solution.

would it be the same as..

0.5 MOLES of sodium chloride is dissolved to make 0.05 liters of solution?

please help me with the grams. thank you (: first time using this!

Answers

Find if the same solution would be equal:
=> 0.5 grams of Sodium chloride dissolved in 0.05 liters solution
=> 0.5 moles of sodium chloride dissolved in 0.05 liters solution
The answer is NO. They are not equal because 0.5 grams of sodium chloride is equivalent to 10 moles of sodium chloride which makes 0.5 grams of sodium chloride mixed with 0.05 liters of solution more concentrated than 0.5 moles of sodium chloride dissolved in 0.05 liters of solution.

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