4. Allison is trying to identify the type of bacteria found on common surfaces like doorknobs, table tops, etc. For this experiment, she will collect samples of bacteria and allow them to grow for several days. Then, she will observe the bacterial colonies that are formed and compare their appearance with pictures of bacterial colonies in her textbook. Which of the following pieces of equipment will Allison most likely use for the growth of the bacteria?

We assume the change in volume occurs at constant temperature and so we  use the Boyle's law formula .

We are given the initial volume and pressure as well as as final volume, the question wants the final pressure

So we make the subject of the formula

Answer:

Explanation:

The atomic number tell us the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. in other words ,each element has a unique number that identifies how many protons are in one atom of that element example, all hydrogen atoms, and only hydrogen atoms, contain one proton and have an atomic number of 1.

Answer:

Mg has two valence electrons  

Explanation:

Na has only one valence electron, so it readily donates that electron to other atoms to achieve an octet.

Mg must lose two valence electrons to get an octet. It takes extra energy to remove the second electron. In addition, the two electrons are in a filled s subshell, which has added stability.

Answer:

Two Covalent Bonds

Chemistry Concepts:

• The Periodic Table is a table illustrating the periodic system, in which the chemical elements, formerly arranged in the order of their atomic weights and now according to their atomic numbers, are shown in related groups.
• Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, gaseous element constituting about one-fifth of the volume of the atmosphere and present in a combined state in nature. It is the supporter of combustion in the air and was the standard of atomic, combining, and molecular weight until 1961, when carbon 12 became the new standard.  
• Atoms are the basic units of matter, they are formed by a nucleus of protons and neutrons and electrons.
• Covalent bonds are the bonds formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms.

Oxygen, which is in group 6 or 16 of the periodic table, has 6 valence electrons. To achieve a full outer shell of 8 electrons, oxygen needs to gain 2 electrons or share two electrons by forming covalent bonds. Therefore, oxygen typically forms two covalent bonds with other atoms to complete its outer shell and achieve a stable electron configuration.

What happens to the valence electrons of the other atom when oxygen forms a covalent bond with it?

When oxygen forms a covalent bond with another atom, it shares one or more pairs of electrons with that atom. The shared electrons are called bonding electrons, and they are shared between the oxygen atom and the other atom. The valence electrons of the other atom also participate in the covalent bond and are shared between the two atoms.

The electrons that are not involved in bonding, known as non-bonding or lone pair electrons, remain on the oxygen atom. These electrons are still part of the valence shell of the oxygen atom and are involved in its chemical properties, but they do not participate in the covalent bond with the other atom.

Furthermore, when oxygen forms a covalent bond with another atom, both atoms share electrons, including valence electrons, to achieve a more stable electron configuration.

Learn more about Covalent Bonds:

brainly.com/question/3447218

Oxygen is in group 6 of the periodic table. In general, oxygen tends to form two covalent bonds with other atoms.

To understand why oxygen forms two covalent bonds, let's look at its electron configuration. Oxygen has 8 electrons, with 2 in its innermost shell and 6 in its outermost shell. The outermost shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons, so oxygen needs to gain 2 more electrons to have a full outer shell.

In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Oxygen can share two electrons with other atoms to complete its outer shell. This means that oxygen typically forms two covalent bonds, with each bond involving the sharing of two electrons.

For example, in a molecule of water (H2O), oxygen forms two covalent bonds with two hydrogen atoms. Each bond involves the sharing of one electron from each hydrogen atom and one electron from oxygen. This sharing of electrons allows all atoms involved to have a full outer shell, making the molecule stable.

It's important to note that there can be exceptions to this general rule. In some cases, oxygen can form more than two covalent bonds, such as in molecules like ozone (O3) or sulfur dioxide (SO2). However, these cases involve different bonding arrangements and are not as common as the formation of two covalent bonds.

Answer:

F = 800 N

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass = 80 Kg

Acceleration = 10 m/s²

Force = ?

Solution:

Formula:

F = m × a

F = force

m = mass

a = acceleration

Now we will put the values in formula:

F = m × a

F = 80 kg × 10 m/s²

F = 800 kg.m/s²

kg.m/s² = N

F = 800 N