Contains elements in the solid, liquid, and gas phase a. alkali metals
b. alkaline earth metals
c. transition metals
d. halogens
e. noble or inert gases

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: Halogens. Florine and Chlorine are gaseous, Bromine is liquid and Iodine is solid.

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Methane burns in air at about 1957˚C. Suppose you make a Carnot engine which is fueled by methane at this temperature, and exhausts at 500 ˚C. Suppose you burn 1 kg of methane in this engine (at the burn temperature, the reaction products will be CO₂( g) and H₂O(g) ). How much work in Joules will the engine create?

Answers

Answer:

The Carnot engine operates based on the principles of the Carnot cycle, which is a theoretical idealized thermodynamic cycle. To calculate the work done by the engine, we need to use the formula for the efficiency of the Carnot cycle.

The efficiency of a Carnot engine is given by the equation:

Efficiency = 1 - (T2 / T1),

where T2 is the exhaust temperature in Kelvin and T1 is the burn temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin.

The burn temperature is 1957 ˚C, so we add 273 to convert it to Kelvin:

T1 = 1957 + 273 = 2230 K.

The exhaust temperature is 500 ˚C, so we add 273 to convert it to Kelvin:

T2 = 500 + 273 = 773 K.

Now we can calculate the efficiency:

Efficiency = 1 - (T2 / T1) = 1 - (773 / 2230).

Next, we need to calculate the heat input, which is the energy released by burning 1 kg of methane.

The energy released by burning methane can be calculated using the heat of combustion of methane, which is -891 kJ/mol.

To convert this to joules per kilogram, we need to know the molar mass of methane, which is 16 g/mol.

1 kg of methane is equal to 1000 g, so the number of moles of methane in 1 kg is:

1000 g / 16 g/mol = 62.5 mol.

The heat released by burning 1 kg of methane is:

-891 kJ/mol * 62.5 mol = -55,687.5 kJ.

To convert this to joules, we multiply by 1000:

-55,687.5 kJ * 1000 = -55,687,500 J.

Now we can calculate the work done by the engine:

Work = Efficiency * Heat input.

Substituting the values we calculated:

Work = (1 - (773 / 2230)) * (-55,687,500 J).

Finally, we can calculate the work done by the engine in joules.

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Given the balanced equation representing a redox reaction:2Al + 3Cu2+ --> 2Al3+ + 3Cu
Which statement is true about this reaction?
(1) Each Al loses 2e- and each Cu2+ gains 3e-
(2) Each Al loses 3e- and each Cu2+ gains 2e-
(3) Each Al3+ gains 2e- and each Cu loses 3e-
(4) Each Al3+ gains 3e- and each Cu loses 2e-

Answers

From the given balanced chemical reaction, it can be seen that each aluminum atom gains loses 3 electrons. Also, each copper atoms gains 2 electrons. The choice that would best give us the described scenario above is choice number 2. That is Each Al loses 3e- and each Cu gains 2e-.

The correct answer is option (2) i.e. Each Al loses 3e- and each Cu^2+ gains 2e-When an atom X, loses an electron, it becomes, X^1+When an atom X, loses two electrons, it becomes, X^2+When an atom X, gains an electron, it becomes, X^1-When an atom X, gains two electrons, it becomes, X^2-So, Here, 2Al + 3Cu^2+ --> 2Al^3+ + 3Cu,When each Al, loses three electrons, it becomes, Al^3+When each Cu^2+, gains two electrons, it becomes, Cu^2+^2- = Cu

This is responsible for the relatively high boiling point of watera. hydrogen bonding
b. ionic bonding
c. metallic bonding
d. nonpolar covalent bonding
e. polar covalent

Answers

The bonding of hydrogen

Hydrogen bonding as it requires a lot of energy in the form of heat to break the bonds between the H and the O atoms

Which planet do scientists believe prevented the asteroids in the asteroids belt from forming a planet? A. Earth
B. Jupiter
C. Mars
D. Neptune

Answers

I think it is Jupiter. Let me know if I am right, I hope I am.

Answer: Jupiter is believed to have prevented the asteroids in the asteroid belt from forming a planet.

An atom is determined to contain 12 protons, 10 electrons, and 12 neutrons. What are the mass number and charge of this atom or ion? Select one:
a. mass number: 24, charge: +2
b. mass number: 22, charge: neutral
c. mass number: 34, charge: -2
d. mass number: 34, charge: +2

Answers

The mass mass number is 22 and the charge of the atom is +2. The correct answer is option A

How to determine the mass number and charge?

1. The mass number of the atom can be obtained as follow:

Number of protons = 12
Number of neutrons = 12
Mass number =?

Mass number = number of proton + number of neutron

= 12 + 12

= 24

2. The charge of the atom can be obtained as follow:

Number of protons = 12
Number of electrons = 10
Charge =?

Charge = number of protons - number of electrons

= 12 - 10

= +2

Thus, the mass number is 24 and the charge is +2. The correct answer to the question is option A

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Mass number= atomic number + number of neutrons.
A=Z+N
Z=number of protons=12
N=12

A=12+12=24

If, we have 12 protons and 10 electrons, the charge of this ion is +2

Therefore: mass number:24; charge: +2

Answer: a. mass number: 24; charge: +2

What mass of magnesium bromide is formed when 1.00 g of magnesium reacts with 5.00 g of bromine?

Answers

Answer:

when 1.00 g of magnesium reacts with 5.00 g of bromine, approximately 7.57 g of magnesium bromide is formed.

Explanation:

To find the mass of magnesium bromide formed when 1.00 g of magnesium reacts with 5.00 g of bromine, you need to first write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and bromine. The balanced equation for the formation of magnesium bromide (MgBr2) is as follows:

Mg + Br2 → MgBr2

Now, you can calculate the molar mass of each substance involved in the reaction:

Molar mass of Mg (magnesium) = 24.31 g/mol

Molar mass of Br2 (bromine) = 2 * 79.90 g/mol = 159.80 g/mol

Molar mass of MgBr2 (magnesium bromide) = 24.31 g/mol + 2 * 79.90 g/mol = 184.11 g/mol

Next, calculate the number of moles for each reactant:

Moles of Mg = Mass (1.00 g) / Molar mass (24.31 g/mol) = 0.0411 moles

Moles of Br2 = Mass (5.00 g) / Molar mass (159.80 g/mol) = 0.0313 moles (approximately, rounded to four decimal places)

Now, determine the limiting reactant. To do this, compare the mole ratio between Mg and Br2 in the balanced equation. The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of Mg reacts with 1 mole of Br2. Therefore, the limiting reactant is the one that is present in the smaller amount relative to the balanced equation's stoichiometry.

In this case, magnesium (0.0411 moles) is present in a smaller amount than bromine (0.0313 moles). So, magnesium is the limiting reactant.

Now that you know magnesium is the limiting reactant, you can calculate the mass of magnesium bromide formed using the stoichiometry of the balanced equation. According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of Mg produces 1 mole of MgBr2.

Moles of MgBr2 formed = Moles of Mg (limiting reactant) = 0.0411 moles

Now, calculate the mass of magnesium bromide formed:

Mass of MgBr2 = Moles of MgBr2 × Molar mass of MgBr2

Mass of MgBr2 = 0.0411 moles × 184.11 g/mol = 7.57 g

So, when 1.00 g of magnesium reacts with 5.00 g of bromine, approximately 7.57 g of magnesium bromide is formed.

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The reaction between NaOH(aq) and H2SO4(aq) was studied in a constant-pressure calorimeter: 100.0 mL portions of 1.00 M aqueous NaOH and H2SO4, each at 24.0C, were mixed. The volume of the mixture was 200.0 mL. The maximum temperature achieved was 30.6C. Neglect the heat capacity of the calorimeter and the thermometer, and assume that the solution of products has a density of 1.00 g/mL and a specific heat capacity of 4.18 J/(g·K). Calculate H, the heat (enthalpy) of reaction, in kJ per mole of acid. (Hint: You may not have the equivalent amounts of NaOH and H2SO4 in this experiment.)