Answer : Option A) Sodium
Explanation : Sodium is the element which is most reactive tin the given options.
Sodium has the atomic number as 11, which is distributed in the atomic shells as 2-8-1.
So, it is clear that the outermost valence shell contains only one electron in sodium. To give away one electron and attain the octet state is easy for sodium. If it donates the electron it becomes a cation which is very reactive, as it gets a positive charge on itself.
Compared to the valency of the other atoms given here, Nickel has 2 valence electrons so it will be less reactive than Sodium.
Carbon has 4 valence electrons which is less than sodium and oxygen needs 2 electrons to be an octet which is also less.
All atoms can be identified by the number of protons and neutrons they contain. The number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom of potassium - 42 is 19.
The particles which are smaller in size than an atom are called subatomic particles. An atom contains three sub atomic particles, they are protons, electrons and neutrons. The positively charged particles are called protons whereas the negatively charged particles are electrons.
The neutrons are chargeless particle. Here K - 42 is a radioactive isotope which has the atomic number 19. So the number of protons is 19 and the number of neutrons is:
A = Z + N
N = A - Z
= 42 - 19 = 23
The number of protons or electrons is the atomic number whereas the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons.
Thus the number of protons is 19 and neutrons is 23.
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10.0g
22.1g
32.9g
5.6g
Answer:
22.1 g
Explanation:
The balanced reaction equation which serves as a guide in solving the problem is given as;
CaO(s) + 2NaCl(aq) ------> Na2O(s) + CaCl2(aq)
The question clearly specifies that sodium chloride is the reactant in excess. This means that calcium oxide should be used to calculate the theoretical yield of sodium oxide.
Number of moles of calcium oxide reacted = mass of calcium oxide / molar mass of calcium oxide
Molar mass of calcium oxide = 56.0774 g/mol
Mass of calcium oxide = 20.0g
Number of moles of calcium oxide = 20.0 g/ 56.0774 g/mol = 0.3566 moles
From the balanced reaction equation;
1 mole of calcium oxide produces 1 mole of sodium oxide
Therefore, 0.3566 moles of calcium oxide will produce 0.3566 moles of sodium oxide.
Mass of sodium oxide produced = number of moles × molar mass
Molar mass of sodium oxide= 61.9789 g/mol
Mass of sodium oxide = 0.3566 moles × 61.9789 g/mol
Mass of sodium oxide= 22.1 g
Answer:
22.1g
Explanation:
We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:
CaO + 2NaCl —> Na2O + CaCl2
Next, we shall determine the mass of CaO that reacted and the mass of Na2O produced from the balanced equation.
This is illustrated below:
Molar mass of CaO = 40 + 16 = 56g/mol
Mass of CaO from the balanced equation = 1 x 56 = 56g
Molar mass of Na2O = (23x2) + 16 = 62g/mol
Mass of Na2O from the balanced equation = 1 x 62 = 62g
From the balanced equation above,
56g of CaO reacted to produce 62g of Na2O.
Finally, we can determine the theoretical yield of Na2O as follow:
From the balanced equation above,
56g of CaO reacted to produce 62g of Na2O.
Therefore, 20g of CaO will react to produce = (20 x 62)/56 = 22.1g of Na2O.
Therefore, the theoretical yield of Na2O is 22.1g
Answer:
(1) NaOH
Explanation:
NaOH, sodium hydroxide is a base. HCl, hydrochloric acid is an acid. CH3OH, methanol is an alcohol. NaCl, sodium chloride is salt.
pH below 7.0 is acidic, pH above 7.0 is basic, and pH at 7.0 is neutral.
Since NaOH is the only base in among the given compounds, its pH will above 7.0. Therefore, NaOH will have the highest pH.
NaOH solution will have the highest pH.
The solution with the highest pH would be the one that is basic, as basic solutions have higher pH values. Among the given options, NaOH is a strong base and dissociates completely in water to produce OH- ions, which makes the solution highly basic.
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D. 6 electrons
A single nitrogen atom has five electrons in its outer energy level to start, and will be most stable with an octet, or 8 electrons in its outer level.