A researcher is using a particle accelerator in an expriment studying isotopes. How can the researcher change on isotope into a different isotope of the same element?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Neutron capture reactions.

Explanation

Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons in each nucleus. However, their nucleus differ in the number of neutrons. Adding one or more neutrons to a nucleus will converts it to a different isotope of the same element.

Neutrons can be produced with a particle accelerator. The researcher might aim fast moving alpha particles $\phantom{}_2^(4)\text{He}$ from the accelerator at a beryllium Be target.

$\phantom{}_4^(9) \text{Be} + \phantom{}_2^4\text{He} \to \phantom{}_{\phantom{1}6}^(12)\text{C} + \phantom{}_(0)^(1) \text{n}$

Doing so will convert beryllium-9 to carbon-12 and release one neutron.

The neutron produced in this process moves very fast ("fast neutrons"). It might knock protons or alpha particles off the target nucleus. This is undesirable since the nucleus will have a change in its proton number. It will end up belonging to a different element.

The researcher should reduce the speed of those neutrons. Passing neutrons through moderators greatly reduces their speed. Moderators are materials that are rich in light nuclei. They remove the energy of neutrons as the two collide. Examples of moderators are heavy water (D₂O) and graphite (carbon). Slow neutrons are easier to capture than fast-moving ones. Combining those slow-moving neutrons to the source isotope will likely produce a different isotope of the same element.

Reference

Vitz, Ed. et. al, "19.5: Neutron Bombardment", ChemPRIME (Moore et al.), Libretexts Chemistry, 2017

Answer 2

Answer:

Answer:

D. BY ADDING OR REMOVING NEUTRONS.

Hope this helps!

Explanation:

Related Questions

Are these answers correct?1. A gas occupies 30 L at 760 mm Hg. What is its volume at 350 mm Hg? P1*V1 = P2*V2 760 mm Hg *30 L = 350 mm Hg * V2V2 = 22800 mm Hg*L/350 mm HgV2 = about 65.14 L2. A gas occupies 500 mL at 1 atm. What is its pressure if the volume becomes 1500 mL?P1*V1 = P2*V21 atm*500 mL = P2*1500 mL500 atm*mL/1500 mL = P2P2 = 1/3 atm3. If a gas occupies 250 mL at 25°C, what will its volume be at 57°C? 25°C + 273 = 298°K; 57°C + 273 = 330°KV1/T1 = V2/T2250 mL/298°K = V2/330°K0.84 mL/k*330°K = V2V2 = about 276.85 mL4. What was the original temperature of a 2 L sample of gas if it initially had the volume 5 L at 27°C? 27°C + 273 = 298°KV1/T1 = V2/T25 L/298°K = 2 L/T22 L/(0.017 L/K)= T2T2 = 119.2°K = -153.8°C 5. At what pressure would 100 mL of a gas be found if it began at 500 mL at 2.5 atm?P1*V1 = P2*V2 2.5 atm*500 mL = P2*100 mL125 atm*mL/100 mL = P2P2 = 1.25 atm6. What is the volume of a gas at 275 mm Hg if it occupied 750 mL at 1000 mm Hg?P1*V1 = P2*V21000 mm Hg*750 mL = 275 mm Hg*V2750000 mm Hg*mL/275 mm Hg = V2V2 = about 2727. 27 mL7. A gas occupies 60 L at 250°K and 1 atm. What is its volume at 250°C and 1.5 atm?250°C + 273 = 523°KP1*V1/T1 = P2*V2/T21 atm*60 L/250°K = 1.5 atm*V2/523°K0.24 (atm*L/K)*523°K = 1.5 atm*V2125.52 (atm*L)/1.5 atm = V2V2 = 83.68 L8. What is the final temperature in Celsius of a gas occupying 3.25 L at 750 mm Hg if it occupied 2250 mL at 37°C and 600 mm Hg? 37°C + 273 = 310°K; 2250 mL = 2.25 LP1*V1/T1 = P2*V2/T2600 mm Hg*2.25 L/310°K = 750 mm Hg*3.25 L/T22437.35 mm Hg*L/ (4.35 mm Hg*L/K) = T2T2 = 559.69°KT2 = about 286.69°C
A carbon-12 atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. How many protons does a carbon-14 atom have?
Identify each of the following as a representative element or a transition element:A) Lithium B) Platinum C) Promethium D) Carbon
Elements from which two families would most likely combine with each other to create salts?
How much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of 0.368 kg of copper from 23.0 ∘C to 60.0 ∘C? The specific heat of copper is 0.0920 cal/(g⋅∘C)

Name the compound of AuO

Answers

If it existed it would be gold(II) oxide. The stable gold oxide is gold(III) oxide Au2O3

Which of the following is an example of a mixture? Option 1: Pure water Option 2: The air in your room Option 3: Gold Option 4: All of the above

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Pure water is not a mixture....it is only water

gold ...is only gold

2. air IS a mixture of various gases.....nitrogen , oxygen, co2 etc

Final answer:

Option 2: The air in your room. The air in your room is an example of a mixture because it consists of various gases that can be separated from each other.

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option 2: The air in your room.

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together. The air in your room is a mixture because it consists of various gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and others. Each gas retains its individual properties and can be separated from the others.

On the other hand, pure water is a compound because it consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom, while gold is an element because it is composed of only gold atoms.

Learn more about Mixtures here:

brainly.com/question/22742069

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Water is densest at 4°C. What is that temperature on the Kelvin scale?

Answers

Answer : The temperature on the kelvin scale is, 277.15 Kelvin

Explanation :

As we are given the temperature in degree Celsius. Now we have to need to convert the temperature from degree Celsius into kelvin.

Conversion used for the temperature from degree Celsius to Kelvin :

$K=^oC+273.15\n\nK=4^oC+273.15=277.15K$

Therefore, the temperature on the kelvin scale is, 277.15 Kelvin

4 + 273.15 = 277.15K

Which of these elements has physical and chemical properties most similar to silicon (Si)?(1) germanium (Ge) (3) phosphorus (P)
(2) lead (Pb) (4) chlorine (Cl)

Answers

Answer: Option (1) and (2) are correct.

Explanation:

Elements which contain same number of valence electrons tend to show similar chemical properties. This is because having same number of valence electrons will make the atoms to react in a similar way.

For example, Silicon is a group 14 element. So, it contains only 4 valence electrons. Similarly, germanium and lead are group 14 elements and it has 4 valence electrons.

Therefore, silicon, germanium, and lead will have similar chemical properties.

Whereas phosphorous is a group 15 element, and chlorine is a group 17 element.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options germanium and lead elements has physical and chemical properties most similar to silicon (Si).

In order from most to least similar:
1. Germanium
2. Lead
3. Phosphorus
4. Chlorine
The elements in the same column as the element you have are the most similar. The rows are not. For example, though chlorine and magnesium are in the same row, they have very different properties, whereas chlorine and fluorine more similar

Based on the Periodic Table, explain why Na and Khave similar chemical properties

Answers

The Group 1 elements, which include lithium (Li), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are also known as the alkali metals. They all have one electron in the outer shell and so they have similar properties.

The Octet Rule states that most atoms need ________ electrons in their outer shells.A. 8
B. 6
C. 2
D. 10

Answers

Answer : The correct option is, (A) 8

Explanation :

Octet rule : It is the tendency of atoms to have eight electrons in the valence shell. When the atoms have fewer than eight electrons then they tend to react and form the more stable compounds.

Or we can say that the atoms attempt to get a noble gas electron configuration, which is eight valence electrons.

For example : As we know that the sodium has one valence electron, so if giving it up then the result in the same electron configuration as the neon and chlorine has seven valence electrons, so if it takes one it will have eight and the result in the same electronic configuration as the argon.

Hence, the correct option is, (A) 8

Most outer shells create more stronger particles. Most atoms rely on having more stable outer shells. But that doesn't mean that they need to have a lot or more electrons.The Octet Rule states that most atoms need "8" electrons in their outer shells.

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