What is the volume of 2.1 moles of chlorine gas (Cl2) at standard temperature and pressure (STP)?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: Given:
2.1 moles of chlorine gas (Cl2) at standard temperature and pressure (STP)
Required:
volume of CL2
Solution:
Use the ideal gas law
PV = nRT
V = nRT/P
V = (2.1 moles Cl2) (0.08203 L - atm / mol - K) (273K) / (1 atm)
V = 47 L

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When compared with the energy of an electron in the first shell of a carbon atom, the energy of an electron in the second shell of a carbon atom is(1) less(2) greater(3) the same

Answers

When compared with the energy of an electron in the first shell of a carbon atom, the energy of an electron in the second shell of a carbon atom is $\boxed{\left( {\text{2}} \right){\text{ greater}}}$ .

Further explanation:

Quantum numbers:

Quantum numbers govern the size, energy, shape, and orientation of an orbital. The four quantum numbers are as follows:

1. Principal Quantum Number (n): It denotes the principle electron shell. The values of n are positive integers (1, 2, 3,…).

2. Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l): It represents the shape of an orbital. The value of l is an integer from 0 to (n-1).

3. Magnetic Quantum Number $\left( {{m_l}} \right)$ : This quantum number represents the orientation of the orbital in space. The value of ${m_l}$ lies between –l to +l. The formula to calculate the value of ${m_l}$ is as follows:

${m_l} = - l,( - l + 1),.....,0,1,2,.....,(l - 1),l$

Therefore, the total number of ${m_l}$ values for a given value of l is 2l+1.

4. Electron Spin Quantum Number $({m_s})$ : It represents the direction of the electron spin. Its value can be $+ (1)/(2)$ or $- (1)/(2)$ .

The formula to calculate the energy of an electron in an atom is as follows:

${{\text{E}}_{\text{n}}} = \frac{{ - 13.6{{\text{Z}}^2}}}{{{{\text{n}}^{\text{2}}}}}{\text{eV}}$ …… (1)

Here,

E is the energy of an electron.

Z is the atomic number of atom.

n is the principal quantum number.

Calculation of energy of an electron in the first shell of carbon atom.

The value of Z is 6.

The value of n is 1.

Substitute these values in equation (1) to calculate the energy of electron in the first shell.

$\begin{aligned}{{\text{E}}_2}&=\frac{{ - 13.6{{\left( 6 \right)}^2}}}{{{{\left( 1 \right)}^{\text{2}}}}}{\text{eV}}\n&=\boxed{-489.6\;{\text{eV}}}\n\end{aligned}$

Calculation of energy of an electron in the second shell of carbon atom.

The value of Z is 6.

The value of n is 2.

Substitute these values in equation (1) to calculate the energy of an electron in the second shell.

$\begin{aligned}{{\text{E}}_1}&=\frac{{-13.6{{\left( 6 \right)}^2}}}{{{{\left( 2 \right)}^{\text{2}}}}}{\text{eV}\n&=\boxed{-122.{\text{4 eV}}}\n\end{aligned}$

The negative sign in the energy of the electron in both the shells indicates that the electron is bound to the nucleus of an atom. So the energy of electron in the second shell of carbon atom is greater than its energy in the first shell of carbon atom and therefore option (2) is correct.

Learn more:

1. Which transition is associated with the greatest energy change? brainly.com/question/1594022

2. Describe the spectrum of elemental hydrogen gas: brainly.com/question/6255073

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Atomic structure

Keywords: energy of electron, n^2, Z^2, -13.6, n, Z, -122.4 eV, -489.6 eV, 6, 1, 2, first shell, second shell.

The answer is (2) greater. The energy of an electron will increase when the number of valence shell increases. So the energy of an electron in the second shell of a carbon atom is greater than in the first shell.

Whats the name of HOCl AND HClO?

Answers

HOCl is Hypochlorous acid or chloranol
HClO is Hydroxidochlorine.../
the most interesting thing is HOCl and HClO are same :)

How many grams are in 11.9 moles of chromium?

Answers

Explanation:

It is known that one mole of chromium or molar mass of chromium is 51.99 g/mol.

It is given that number of moles is 11.9 moles.

Therefore, calculate the mass of chromium in grams as follows.

No. of moles = $(mass in grams)/(Molar mass)$

mass in grams = No. of moles × Molar mass

= 11.9 moles × 51.99 g/mol

= 618.68 g

Thus, we can conclude that there are 618.68 g in 11.9 moles of chromium.

1mole ----- 52g Cr
11,9moles --- x

x = 11,9*52/1 = 618,8[g]

A _____ change occurs when a substance changes phase.
physical
chemical
nuclear

Answers

A physical change occurs when a substance changes phase.

For example, boiling pure water (H₂O) is physical change of substance (from liquid to gaseous state). In physical change, the bonds between oxygen and hydrogen can not be separated.

Sublimation of iodine (from solid to gas state) is also physical change.

Physical property can be observed and measured without any changes in molecular composition. The same substance is present before and after the change.

Final answer:

A physical change occurs when a substance changes phase. In this process, a substance may change from one state of matter to another but its foundational substance remains the same.

Explanation:

A physical change takes place when a substance alters its phase. This means that it shifts from one state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) to another. It's crucial to remember that although the physical characteristics of the substance may change, its substance does not. Let's take an example of water, it can exist as solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam) but in all these states it remains H2O. Therefore, when a substance changes phase, it undergoes a physical change, not a chemical or a nuclear change.

Learn more about Phase Change here:

brainly.com/question/32745747

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Which numbers are used? Consider the balanced chemical equation that follows. You are asked to determine how many moles of water you can produce from 4.0 mol of hydrogen and excess oxygen. (Excess oxygen means that so much oxygen is available it will not run out.) Which of the numbers that appear in the balanced chemical equation below are used to perform this calculation?

Answers

I am assuming that the balanced equation is
2H₂ + O₂ ⇒ 2H₂O
Since the hydrogen is the limiting reagent (meaning if the hydrogen runs out the reaction stops), we need to compare the mole ratio between hydrogen and water.

The mole ratio between H₂ and H₂O is 2:2, or 1:1 (as seen on the coefficients of the balanced equation)
And so for every mole of hydrogen, it will be equal to water. Since hydrogen is 4 moles, 4 moles of water would be created.

So we use the coefficients of H₂ and H₂O in order to answer this question.

The number of moles of H2O is proportional to the number of moles of H2 as much as 4 moles

The calculation reference is the mole of the limiting reagent of the mole of H2O is based on the mol of H2

$\boxed{\boxed{\bold{Further~explanation}}}$

Stokiometry in Chemistry learns about chemical reactions mainly emphasizing quantitative, such as calculation of volume, mass, number, which is related to the number of ions, molecules, elements, etc.

In chemical calculations, the reaction can be determined, the number of substances that can be expressed in units of mass, volume, mole, or determine a chemical formula, for example, the substance level or molecular formula of the hydrate.

The reaction equation is the chemical formula of reagents and product substances

A reaction coefficient is a number in the chemical formula of a substance involved in the reaction equation. The reaction coefficient is useful for equalizing reagents and products.

In the reactionequation there are also manifestations of reagent substances namely gas (g), liquid (liquid / l), solid (solid / s) and solution (aqueous / aq).

Known variable

4.0 mol of hydrogen and excess oxygen

Asked

the balanced chemical equation

Answer

Reactions that occur:

2H₂ + O₂ ⇒ 2H₂O

The reaction coefficient shows the mole ratio of reactants and reaction products

In determining the mole of the reaction, the calculation reference is the mole of the limiting reagent or the reagent that runs out. Because here it is stated that oxygen (O₂) is reacted under excess conditions, the hydrogen ratio becomes the limiting reagent. So the determination of the mole of H₂O is based on the mol of H₂

In the equivalent equation, the mole of H₂ and H₂O is 2: 2 or can be simplified to 1: 1, so the number of moles of H₂O is proportional to the number of moles of H₂ as much as 4 moles

$\boxed{\boxed{\bold{Learn~more}}}$