By using flame test we can identify the elements because colors which are given by elements with flame test are unique.
During the flame test, the electrons of the atom which are in ground state absorb energy and go to upper level. This is called electron excitation. Excited electrons are unstable. Hence, they come back to the ground state by emitting the energy as photons.If that released energy has a frequency which belongs to visual light, then that wave gives a color.
The colors observed during a flame test are caused by the presence of certain metal ions. When these metal ions are heated by a flame, the electrons in their outer energy level get excited and move to higher energy levels. As they return to their original energy levels, they release energy in the form of light, which we perceive as different colors.
During a flame test, the colors observed are caused by the presence of certain metal ions. When these metal ions are heated by a flame, the electrons in their outer energy level get excited and move to higher energy levels. As they return to their original energy levels, they release energy in the form of light, which we perceive as different colors.
For example, when a copper compound is heated, it emits a green color. This is because copper ions are responsible for this color. Different metal ions will emit different colors, allowing us to identify them by their characteristic flame color.
Therefore, the colors observed during a flame test are a result of the specific metal ions present in the substance being tested.
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Answer:The mineral that reacts to hydrochloric acid (HCl) only when powdered is calcite. Calcite is a carbonate mineral composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). When calcite is in its powdered form, it readily reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and calcium chloride (CaCl2). This reaction can be described by the chemical equation:
CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CO2 (g) + H2O (l) + CaCl2 (aq)
The reaction occurs because the surface area of the powdered calcite is increased, allowing for a greater contact area between the mineral and the hydrochloric acid. This increased contact area facilitates a faster and more vigorous reaction compared to when the calcite is in its solid, non-powdered form.
It's important to note that not all minerals react with hydrochloric acid. Only minerals that contain carbonate ions (CO3^2-) will react with hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas. Other common minerals that exhibit this reaction include limestone and marble, which also contain calcium carbonate.
By understanding this reaction and its characteristics, you can identify calcite and other carbonate-containing minerals by their reaction to hydrochloric acid when in powdered form.
Calcite is a mineral that reacts to hydrochloric acid (HCl) only when powdered. This reaction produces carbon dioxide gas.
The mineral that reacts to hydrochloric acid (HCl) only when powdered is calcite.
When solid calcite is exposed to hydrochloric acid, it does not undergo any noticeable reaction. However, when powdered calcite is mixed with HCl, it readily fizzes and releases carbon dioxide gas.
This reaction occurs because the acid dissolves the calcite, converting it into dissolved calcium ions and carbon dioxide gas.
Learn more about Calcite mineral reaction with hydrochloric acid here:
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It is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms covalently bonded together, and there is a –3 charge on the phosphorus atom.
It is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms ionically bonded together, and there is a –3 charge distributed over the entire ion.
It is composed of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms ionically bonded together, and there is a –3 charge on the phosphorus atom.
B is not the correct answer. The -3 charge is distributed over the entire ion, so the correct answer is A.
It is the only planet with permanent liquid water on its surface.
B.
It is the smallest planet and has the shortest period of revolution around the sun.
C.
The thick atmosphere—made mostly of carbon dioxide—absorbs solar radiation, heating up and helping make the atmosphere very hot.
D.
The planet’s surface is covered with red, iron-oxide dust
(2) 2-7-8 (4) 2-8-8
The electron configuration that represents the atoms of chlorine in an excited state is 2-7-8. This is because in the excited state, an electron has moved from the second energy level to the third
The electron configuration represents the distribution of electrons in an atom's energy levels. The standard electron configuration for a ground state (normal state) chlorine atom is 2-8-7. However, when an atom is in an excited state, one or more electrons have moved to a higher energy level. In the case of chlorine, an electron from the second energy level could be excited to the third energy level. So, the electron configuration representing an atom of chlorine in an excited state would be option (2) 2-7-8.
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