History Questions

Document 2…And what were these “own lives” of theirs [women] to be like? Well, for one thing, they couldtake jobs. Up to this time girls of the middle classes who had wanted to “do something” had beenlargely restricted to school-teaching, social-service work, nursing, stenography, and clerical workin business houses. But now they poured out of the schools and colleges into all manner of newoccupations. They besieged the offices of publishers and advertisers; they went into tea-roommanagement until there threatened to be more purveyors [sellers] than consumers of chickenpatties and cinnamon toast; they sold antiques, sold real estate, opened smart little shops, andfinally invaded the department stores. In 1920 the department store was in the mind of theaverage college girl a rather bourgeois [middle class] institution which employed “poor shopgirls”; by the end of the decade college girls were standing in line for openings in the misses’sports-wear department and even selling behind the counter in the hope that some day fortunemight smile upon them and make them buyers or stylists. Small-town girls who once would havebeen contented to stay in Sauk Center [Minnesota] all their days were now borrowing fromfather to go to New York or Chicago to seek their fortunes — in Best’s or Macy’s or MarshallField’s. Married women who were encumbered [burdened] with children and could not seekjobs consoled themselves with the thought that home-making and child-rearing were really“professions,” after all. No topic was so furiously discussed at luncheon tables from one end ofthe country to the other as the question whether the married woman should take a job, andwhether the mother had a right to. And as for the unmarried woman, she no longer had toexplain why she worked in a shop or an office; it was idleness, nowadays, that had to be defended.…Source: Frederick Lewis Allen, Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the 192os,Harper & Row, 1931According to Frederick Lewis Allen, what is one way middle-class women’s lives changed in the 192os?